CSS 编码规范_html/css_WEB-ITnose
在编写CSS时也存在一些编码规范，平时注意这些基本的规范，可使代码更易阅读和维护。
<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en"><head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title></title> <style> /* 语法 用两个空格来代替制表符（tab） -- 这是唯一能保证在所有环境下获得一致展现的方法。 为选择器分组时，将单独的选择器单独放在一行。 为了代码的易读性，在每个声明块的左花括号前添加一个空格。 声明块的右花括号应当单独成行。 每条声明语句的 : 后应该插入一个空格。 为了获得更准确的错误报告，每条声明都应该独占一行。 所有声明语句都应当以分号结尾。最后一条声明语句后面的分号是可选的，但是，如果省略这个分号，你的代码可能更易出错。 对于以逗号分隔的属性值，每个逗号后面都应该插入一个空格（例如，box-shadow）。 不要在 rgb()、rgba()、hsl()、hsla() 或 rect() 值的内部的逗号后面插入空格。这样利于从多个属性值（既加逗号也加空格）中区分多个颜色值（只加逗号，不加空格）。 对于属性值或颜色参数，省略小于 1 的小数前面的 0 （例如，.5 代替 0.5；-.5px 代替 -0.5px）。 十六进制值应该全部小写，例如，#fff。在扫描文档时，小写字符易于分辨，因为他们的形式更易于区分。 尽量使用简写形式的十六进制值，例如，用 #fff 代替 #ffffff。 为选择器中的属性添加双引号，例如，input[type="text"]。只有在某些情况下是可选的，但是，为了代码的一致性，建议都加上双引号。 避免为 0 值指定单位，例如，用 margin: 0; 代替 margin: 0px;。*/ /* Bad CSS */ .selector, .selector-secondary, .selector[type=text] { padding: 15px; margin: 0px 0px 15px; background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); box-shadow: 0px 1px 2px #CCC, inset 0 1px 0 #FFFFFF } /* Good CSS */ .selector, .selector-secondary, .selector[type="text"] { padding: 15px; margin-bottom: 15px; background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, .5); box-shadow: 0 1px 2px #ccc, inset 0 1px 0 #fff; } /* 声明顺序 相关的属性声明应当归为一组，并按照下面的顺序排列： Positioning Box model Typographic Visual 由于定位（positioning）可以从正常的文档流中移除元素，并且还能覆盖盒模型（box model）相关的样式，因此排在首位。盒模型排在第二位，因为它决定了组件的尺寸和位置。 其他属性只是影响组件的内部（inside）或者是不影响前两组属性，因此排在后面。*/ .declaration-order { /* Positioning */ position: absolute; top: 0; right: 0; bottom: 0; left: 0; z-index: 100; /* Box-model */ display: block; float: right; width: 100px; height: 100px; /* Typography */ font: normal 13px "Helvetica Neue", sans-serif; line-height: 1.5; color: #333; text-align: center; /* Visual */ background-color: #f5f5f5; border: 1px solid #e5e5e5; border-radius: 3px; /* Misc */ opacity: 1; } </style> <!-- 不要使用 @import 与 <link> 标签相比，@import 指令要慢很多，不光增加了额外的请求次数，还会导致不可预料的问题。替代办法有以下几种： 使用多个 <link> 元素 通过 Sass 或 Less 类似的 CSS 预处理器将多个 CSS 文件编译为一个文件 通过 Rails、Jekyll 或其他系统中提供过 CSS 文件合并功能 --> <!-- Use link elements --> <link rel="stylesheet" href="core.css"> <!-- Avoid @imports --> <style> @import url("more.css"); </style> <!-- class 命名 class 名称中只能出现小写字符和破折号（dashe）（不是下划线，也不是驼峰命名法）。破折号应当用于相关 class 的命名（类似于命名空间）（例如，.btn 和 .btn-danger）。 避免过度任意的简写。.btn 代表 button，但是 .s 不能表达任何意思。 class 名称应当尽可能短，并且意义明确。 使用有意义的名称。使用有组织的或目的明确的名称，不要使用表现形式（presentational）的名称。 基于最近的父 class 或基本（base） class 作为新 class 的前缀。 使用 .js-* class 来标识行为（与样式相对），并且不要将这些 class 包含到 CSS 文件中。 --> <style> /* Bad example */ .t { ... } .red { ... } .header { ... } /* Good example */ .tweet { ... } .important { ... } .tweet-header { ... } </style></head><body></body></html>
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