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特殊性
Home Web Front-end HTML Tutorial Web前端新人笔记之CSS结构和层叠_html/css_WEB-ITnose

Web前端新人笔记之CSS结构和层叠_html/css_WEB-ITnose

Jun 24, 2016 am 11:21 AM

上一篇文章介绍了如何利用CSS选择器为元素应用各种丰富的样式,每个合法的文档都会生成一个结构树,了解这一点,就能根据元素的祖先、属性、兄弟等元素穿件选择器选择元素。

本篇文章将讨论3中机制之间的关系:特殊性、继承和层叠

特殊性

有的时候我们为同一个元素设置了不同的CSS样式代码,那么元素会启用哪一个CSS样式呢?

我们来看一下面的代码:

<style type="text/css"> p{<br />    color:red;<br />   } .first{<br />    color:green;<br />   }</style><br /><p class="first">这是第一个段落</p>
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在样式中p和.first都匹配到了p这个标签上,那么会显示哪种颜色呢?<br />green是正确的颜色,那么为什么呢?<br />是因为浏览器是根据权值来判断使用哪种css样式的,权值高的就使用哪种css样式。<br />那接下来讲解权值的规则:<br />标签的权值为:1;<br />类的权值为:10;<br />ID的权值为最高:100;
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p{color:red;} /*权值为1*/p span{color:green;} /*权值为1+1=2*/.warning{color:white;} /*权值为10*/p span.warning{color:purple;} /*权值为1+1+10=12*/#footer .note p{color:yellow;} /*权值为100+10+1=111*/
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重要性

有时某个声明可能非常重要,超过了其他声明。CSS2.1称之为重要声明,并允许在这些声明的结束分号之前插入!important来标示。
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<style type="text/css"> p{ color:red!important; } p{ color:green; }</style><p class="first">这是第一个段落</p>        
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这时p段落中的文本会显示的red红色。
继承

特殊性对于理解如何向文档应用声明很重要,同样还有个很重要的概念就是继承,基于继承机制,样式不仅应用到指定的元素,还会应用到其后代元素。

<script type="text/css">    p{        color:red;    }</script><p>这是一个<span>悲伤地故事</span></p>
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这里span是p的子元素。那么p的颜色改变那么其span的颜色也会相应改变;<br />注:有些CSS样式是不具有继承性的。例如border;
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<script type="text/css"> p{  border:1px solid red }</script><p>这是一个<span>悲伤地故事</span></p>
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在上面例子中它代码的作用只是给p标签设置了边框为1像素、红色、实心边框线,而对于子元素span是没用起到作用的。一般的,大多数框模型属性(包括外边距、内边距、背景和边框)都不能继承。
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层叠性

<script type="text/css">  p{<br />    color:red;<br />   }  p{<br />    color:green;<br />   }</script><p class="first">这是一个<span>悲伤的故事</span></p>
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<strong>最后 p中的文本会设置为green,这个层叠很好理解,理解为后面的样式会覆盖前面的样式。<br /></strong><strong>所以css样式优先级就不难理解了:</strong>
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内联样式表(标签内部)> 嵌入样式表(当前文件中)> 外部样式表(外部文件中)。
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