PHP Ajax留言板

Jun 23, 2016 pm 02:30 PM

本案例代码已经提供下载,点击这里!


AJAX即“Asynchronous JavaScript and XML”(异步JavaScript和XML),AJAX并非缩写词,而是由Jesse James Gaiiett创造的名词,是指一种创建交互式。

Ajax的核心是JavaScript对象XmlHttpRequest。该对象在Internet Explorer 5中首次引入,它是一种支持异步请求的技术。简而言之,XmlHttpRequest使您可以使用JavaScript向服务器提出请求并处理响应,而不阻塞用户。


在本文的例子中,为了让初学者对ajax的实现原理有一个更加深刻的认识,没有使用jquery等框架,整个异步请求都是通过编写javascript来完成。

本例共包括3个文件,分别为:
config.php 连接数据库
message.php 用户访问的留言界面,当用户发送留言时,将留言结果以异步请求的方式发送到message_ajax.php。
message_ajax.php  处理来自message.php中的异步请求并返回结果

下面我按实际编写的步骤来说明:
创建数据库和表 为了让问题不至于变得复杂,这里我是在test数据库中创建了一个表t_message。SQL语句如下:

create table t_message(id int auto_increment primary key,email varchar(100),content text);
Copy after login

编写用户留言界面
留言界面非常简洁,就是一个表单,在message.php中添加以下html代码如下:
<div style="width:800px;margin:0 auto;">	<form action="#" >	 <fieldset>    <legend>Leave Message Here</legend>    <table>		<tr>			<td>Email:</td>			<td><input name="email"  id="email" type="email" /></td>		</tr>		<tr>			<td>Content:</td>			<td><textarea name="content" id="content" cols="80" rows="6" ></textarea></td>		</tr>		<tr>			<td></td>			<td><input name="button1" type="button" value="Post" onclick="doRequestUsingPOST()" /></td>		</tr>	</table>  </fieldset> </form></div>
Copy after login

异步请求
使用XMLHttpRequest对象发送请求的基本步骤如下: 创建一个XMLHttpRequest的引用 告诉XMLHttpRequest对象,哪个函数会处理XMLHttpRequest对象状态的改变,为此要设置onreadystatechange属性 指定请求的属性。open() 将请求发送给服务器。send() xmlHttp.responseText将响应提供为一个串

创建一个XMLHttpRequest的引用

 var xmlHttp;  function createXMLHttpRequest(){    if(window.ActiveXObject)      {         xmlHttp = new ActiveXObject("Microsoft.XMLHTTP");      }      else if(window.XMLHttpRequest)      {        xmlHttp = new XMLHttpRequest();      }else{        alert("浏览器不支持XMLHttpRequest对象");      }  }
Copy after login


创建查询字符串
function createQueryString(){    var email = document.getElementById("email").value;    var content = document.getElementById("content").value;    var queryString = "email="+ email + "&content="+ content ;    //alert(queryString);    return queryString;  }
Copy after login

以POST方式发送异步请求
function doRequestUsingPOST(){    createXMLHttpRequest();    var url = "message_ajax.php?timeStamp=" + new Date().getTime();    var queryString = createQueryString();    xmlHttp.open("POST",url,true);    xmlHttp.onreadystatechange = handleStateChange;    xmlHttp.setRequestHeader("Content-Type","application/x-www-form-urlencoded;");    xmlHttp.send(queryString);  }
Copy after login

处理状态变更,解析message_ajax.php返回的结果
function handleStateChange(){     if(xmlHttp.readyState == 4){        if(xmlHttp.status == 200){           parseResult();           //alert("OK");        }     }  }  function parseResult(){    var responseDiv = document.getElementById("newmessage");    if(responseDiv.hasChildNodes()){      responseDiv.removeChild(responseDiv.childNodes[0]);    }    var responseText = xmlHttp.responseText;//document.createTextNode(xmlHttp.responseText);    responseDiv.innerHTML = responseText;    //responseDiv.appendChild(responseText);  }
Copy after login

服务端处理异步请求
然后我们看下服务端message_ajax.php是怎样处理请求的

<?php        include_once("config.php");    	$email = strip_tags($_POST['email']);    	$content = strip_tags($_POST['content']);    	$sql1 = "insert into t_message values(NULL, '"  . $email . "' ,'".$content."')";        mysql_query($sql1);      $sql = "SELECT * FROM `t_message` order by id desc LIMIT 10";      $result = mysql_query($sql);      $responseText = "<table>";      while($message = mysql_fetch_array($result)){      	$onemessage = "				<tr>					<th style='background-color:gray;'>Email:</th>					<td>".$message['email']."</td>				</tr>				<tr style='border-bottom:1px gray dashed;'>					<th style='background-color:gray;'>Content:</th>					<td>".$message['content']."</td>				</tr>";				$responseText = $responseText.$onemessage;			}			$responseText = $responseText."</table>";			echo $responseText;?>
Copy after login

从上面代码可以看到,服务端首先需要接收客户端发送过来的请求,在本例中发送的参数就是email和content。
然后,服务端将这些数据保存到数据库中,并查询出数据库中最近的10条留言信息,构造成HTML字符串,并echo。
于是客户端便可接收到,实现无刷新显示最近的10条留言(当然需要留言超过10条的时候)。

如果你有神马问题,请留言讨论!

Statement of this Website
The content of this article is voluntarily contributed by netizens, and the copyright belongs to the original author. This site does not assume corresponding legal responsibility. If you find any content suspected of plagiarism or infringement, please contact admin@php.cn

Hot AI Tools

Undresser.AI Undress

Undresser.AI Undress

AI-powered app for creating realistic nude photos

AI Clothes Remover

AI Clothes Remover

Online AI tool for removing clothes from photos.

Undress AI Tool

Undress AI Tool

Undress images for free

Clothoff.io

Clothoff.io

AI clothes remover

Video Face Swap

Video Face Swap

Swap faces in any video effortlessly with our completely free AI face swap tool!

Hot Tools

Notepad++7.3.1

Notepad++7.3.1

Easy-to-use and free code editor

SublimeText3 Chinese version

SublimeText3 Chinese version

Chinese version, very easy to use

Zend Studio 13.0.1

Zend Studio 13.0.1

Powerful PHP integrated development environment

Dreamweaver CS6

Dreamweaver CS6

Visual web development tools

SublimeText3 Mac version

SublimeText3 Mac version

God-level code editing software (SublimeText3)

Explain JSON Web Tokens (JWT) and their use case in PHP APIs. Explain JSON Web Tokens (JWT) and their use case in PHP APIs. Apr 05, 2025 am 12:04 AM

JWT is an open standard based on JSON, used to securely transmit information between parties, mainly for identity authentication and information exchange. 1. JWT consists of three parts: Header, Payload and Signature. 2. The working principle of JWT includes three steps: generating JWT, verifying JWT and parsing Payload. 3. When using JWT for authentication in PHP, JWT can be generated and verified, and user role and permission information can be included in advanced usage. 4. Common errors include signature verification failure, token expiration, and payload oversized. Debugging skills include using debugging tools and logging. 5. Performance optimization and best practices include using appropriate signature algorithms, setting validity periods reasonably,

How does session hijacking work and how can you mitigate it in PHP? How does session hijacking work and how can you mitigate it in PHP? Apr 06, 2025 am 12:02 AM

Session hijacking can be achieved through the following steps: 1. Obtain the session ID, 2. Use the session ID, 3. Keep the session active. The methods to prevent session hijacking in PHP include: 1. Use the session_regenerate_id() function to regenerate the session ID, 2. Store session data through the database, 3. Ensure that all session data is transmitted through HTTPS.

Describe the SOLID principles and how they apply to PHP development. Describe the SOLID principles and how they apply to PHP development. Apr 03, 2025 am 12:04 AM

The application of SOLID principle in PHP development includes: 1. Single responsibility principle (SRP): Each class is responsible for only one function. 2. Open and close principle (OCP): Changes are achieved through extension rather than modification. 3. Lisch's Substitution Principle (LSP): Subclasses can replace base classes without affecting program accuracy. 4. Interface isolation principle (ISP): Use fine-grained interfaces to avoid dependencies and unused methods. 5. Dependency inversion principle (DIP): High and low-level modules rely on abstraction and are implemented through dependency injection.

How to debug CLI mode in PHPStorm? How to debug CLI mode in PHPStorm? Apr 01, 2025 pm 02:57 PM

How to debug CLI mode in PHPStorm? When developing with PHPStorm, sometimes we need to debug PHP in command line interface (CLI) mode...

How to automatically set permissions of unixsocket after system restart? How to automatically set permissions of unixsocket after system restart? Mar 31, 2025 pm 11:54 PM

How to automatically set the permissions of unixsocket after the system restarts. Every time the system restarts, we need to execute the following command to modify the permissions of unixsocket: sudo...

Explain late static binding in PHP (static::). Explain late static binding in PHP (static::). Apr 03, 2025 am 12:04 AM

Static binding (static::) implements late static binding (LSB) in PHP, allowing calling classes to be referenced in static contexts rather than defining classes. 1) The parsing process is performed at runtime, 2) Look up the call class in the inheritance relationship, 3) It may bring performance overhead.

How to send a POST request containing JSON data using PHP's cURL library? How to send a POST request containing JSON data using PHP's cURL library? Apr 01, 2025 pm 03:12 PM

Sending JSON data using PHP's cURL library In PHP development, it is often necessary to interact with external APIs. One of the common ways is to use cURL library to send POST�...

See all articles