简述php关于网页元素抓取方面的技术
对于php抓取网页的内容,可能比较难的就是dom解析这一部分了,这儿的话有几种技术推荐给大家,具体使用哪种就看自己的喜欢了
1.php自带的xpath解析技术
xpath的话具体可以百度一下他的用法,我只举几个简单的例子,废话不多说,代码如下
error_reporting(0);
$url='http://www.baidu.com';//此处写抓取的网页的网址,我随便写的
$html=file_get_contents($url);
$dom=new DOMDocument;
$dom->loadHTML($html);
$xml=simplexml_import_dom($dom);
$nav=$xml->xpath('//p[@id="nv"]');//这儿简单解释一下,就是调用simplexml的xpath方法,传入符合xpath语法的字符串就行了,我这儿的意思是,获取所有id属性值为nv的p标签元素
print_r($nav);
2.phpquery,
phpquery是基于jQuery选择器的dom解析器,如果经常用jQuery的话会很喜欢这个工具的,下面说说他的用法
include 'phpQuery.php';
phpQuery::newDocumentFile('http://job.blueidea.com');
$companies = pq('#hotcoms .coms')->find('div');
foreach($companies as $company)
{
echo pq($company)->find('h3 a')->text()."
";
}
简单解释一下 :
官方手册:http://www.ecartchina.com/php-simple-html-dom/manual.htm
自己看吧,一会就看懂了,我花了半个小时不到的时候就熟练的运用了
对了,这儿还有一个php的抓取系统,phpcrawl,如果想了解php搜索引擎方面的一些知识,可以看看他的源码:
源码下载地址
http://sourceforge.net/projects/phpcrawl/files/PHPCrawl/

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