[ Lumen 5.2 文档 ] 更多特性 -- 队列
1、简介
Lumen队列服务为各种不同的后台队列驱动提供了统一的API。队列允许你延迟耗时任务(例如发送邮件)的执行,从而大幅提高web请求的响应速度。
1.1 配置
队列配置选项位于 .env文件。
1.2 队列驱动预备知识
数据库
要使用 database作为队列驱动,需要一张数据库表来存放任务:
Schema::create('jobs', function (Blueprint $table) { $table->bigIncrements('id'); $table->string('queue'); $table->longText('payload'); $table->tinyInteger('attempts')->unsigned(); $table->tinyInteger('reserved')->unsigned(); $table->unsignedInteger('reserved_at')->nullable(); $table->unsignedInteger('available_at'); $table->unsignedInteger('created_at'); $table->index(['queue', 'reserved', 'reserved_at']);});
其它队列依赖
下面是以上列出队列驱动需要安装的依赖:
- Amazon SQS: aws/aws-sdk-php ~3.0
- Beanstalkd: pda/pheanstalk ~3.0
- Redis: predis/predis ~1.0
2、和Laravel的不同之处
和框架许多其它功能一样,Lumen的队列任务方法依赖于Laravel队列任务,因此,要了解Lumen队列任务的更多细节,可查看 完整的Laravel队列文档。
但是,Lumen和Laravel的队列实现也有少许不同支持,下面我们就来讨论这些区别。首先我们来看队列任务的生成。
2.1 生成器
Lumen并没有内置自动创建新的任务类,取而代之的,你需要拷贝框架内置的 ExampleJob类,这个类提供了每个队列任务都共享的基本类结构, ExampleJob继承的基类 Job已经包含了 InteractsWithQueue, Queueable和 SerializesModels这些trait:
<?phpnamespace App\Jobs;class ExampleJob extends Job{ /** * Create a new job instance. * * @return void */ public function __construct() { // } /** * Execute the job. * * @return void */ public function handle() { // }}
2.2 分发任务
再次重申,关于分发队列任务的完整信息请参考Laravel队列文档,和Laravel框架一样,你可以使用 dispatch方法从Lumen应用的任何地方分发任务:
dispatch(new ExampleJob);
当然,你还可以使用 Queue门面,如果你选择使用这个门面,需要取消文件 bootstrap/app.php中 $app->withFacades()前面的注释:
Queue::push(new ExampleJob);

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