UIWebView-iOS中使用模板引擎渲染HTML界面_html/css_WEB-ITnose
在iOS实际的开发中，使用UIWebView来加载数据使用的场景特别多。很多时候我们会动态的从服务器获取一段HTML的内容，然后App这边动态的处理这段HTML内容用于展示在UIWebView上。使用到的API接口为：
- (void)loadHTMLString:(NSString *)string baseURL:(NSURL *)baseURL;
由于HTML内容通常是变化的，所以我们需要动态生成HTML代码。通常我们从服务器端获取到标题、时间、作者和对应的内容，然后我们需要对这些数据处理之后拼接成一段HTML字符串。对于传统的做法是将上面的需要替换的内容填写一些占位符，放到指定的文件中如（content.html）,如下所示：
<!DOCTYPE html><html> <head> <title>key_title</title> </head> <body> <div> <div> <h2 id="key-title">key_title</h2> <div>key_date key_author</div> <hr/> </div> <div>key_content</div> </div> </body></html>
然后在指定的地方使用如下的方式动态生成HTML代码：
- (NSString *)loadHTMLByStringFormat:(NSDictionary *)data{ NSString *templatePath = [[NSBundle mainBundle] pathForResource:@"template" ofType:@"html"]; NSMutableString *html = [[NSMutableString alloc] initWithContentsOfFile:templatePath encoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding error:nil]; [html replaceOccurrencesOfString:@"key_title" withString:data[@"title"] options:NSCaseInsensitiveSearch range:NSMakeRange(0, html.length)]; [html replaceOccurrencesOfString:@"key_author" withString:data[@"author"] options:NSCaseInsensitiveSearch range:NSMakeRange(0, html.length)]; [html replaceOccurrencesOfString:@"key_date" withString:data[@"date"] options:NSCaseInsensitiveSearch range:NSMakeRange(0, html.length)]; [html replaceOccurrencesOfString:@"key_content" withString:data[@"content"] options:NSCaseInsensitiveSearch range:NSMakeRange(0, html.length)]; return html;}生成界面如下
在实际的使用中发现还是存在不少的问题，比如我们需要对数据进行预先处理的时候需要写大量的
- (NSUInteger)replaceOccurrencesOfString:(NSString *)target withString:(NSString *)replacement options:(NSStringCompareOptions)options range:(NSRange)searchRange;
这样的替换，而且对于一些特殊的字符还需要进行特殊处理等，实在不是太友好，这样就需要一个引擎来专门处理这些事情，本文主要介绍MGTemplateEngine和GRMustache的使用。
MGTemplateEngineMGTemplateEngine是AFNetworking的作者Matt的作品，它是一个比较流行的模板引擎，它的模板语言比较类似于Smarty、FreeMarker和Django。另外它可以支持自定义的Filter（以便实现自定义的渲染逻辑），需要依赖正则表达式的工具类RegexKit。
创建模板
<!DOCTYPE html><html> <head> <title>fs_title</title> </head> <body> <div> <div> <h2 id="fs-title">fs_title</h2> <div>fs_date fs_author</div> <hr/> </div> <div>fs_content</div> </div> </body></html>
// 第二种MGTemplateEngine MGTemplateEngine *engine = [MGTemplateEngine templateEngine]; [engine setDelegate:self]; [engine setMatcher:[ICUTemplateMatcher matcherWithTemplateEngine:engine]]; NSString *templatePath = [[NSBundle mainBundle] pathForResource:@"MGTemplateEngineTemplate" ofType:@"html"]; // 第一种赋值方式 [engine setObject:variables[@"title"] forKey:@"title"]; [engine setObject:variables[@"author"] forKey:@"author"]; [engine setObject:variables[@"date"] forKey:@"date"]; [engine setObject:variables[@"content"] forKey:@"content"]; NSString *htmlString = [engine processTemplateInFileAtPath:templatePath withVariables:nil]; // 第二种赋值方式 // Process the template and display the results.// NSString *htmlString = [engine processTemplateInFileAtPath:templatePath withVariables:variables]; NSLog(@"Processed template:\r%@", htmlString); [self.webView loadHTMLString:htmlString baseURL:nil];
说明
（1）MGTemplateEngine提供的示例程序是运行在Mac OS上的，如果要使用到iOS上面需要引入Foundation框架,还需要个UIKit （2）对于运行在Xcode6以上的环境下创建的工程由于没有PCH文件可能会报错，需要在MGTemplateEngine的各个头文件中引入Foundation框架 （3）MGTemplateEngine在GitHub上的地址为https://github.com/mattgemmell/MGTemplateEngine。(4) 如果要算出这个webview的高度 在div加上
NSString *heightString = [webViewstringByEvaluatingJavaScriptFromString:@"document.getElementById(\"container\").offsetHeight;"];
GRMustacheGRMustache使用方法 《GRMustache Document》
举个例子
A typical Mustache template:模板Hello fs_nameYou have just won fs_value dollars!fs_#in_caWell, fs_taxed_value dollars, after taxes.fs_/in_ca
{ "name": "Chris", "value": 10000, "taxed_value": 10000 - (10000 * 0.4), "in_ca": true}Hello ChrisYou have just won 10000 dollars!Well, 6000.0 dollars, after taxes.
代码：
NSString *template = [[NSBundle mainBundle] pathForResource:@"MGTemplateEngineTemplate" ofType:@"html"];// 注意要对路径进行UTF8编码 不然会有问题NSString *templatePath = [NSString stringWithContentsOfFile:template encoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding error:nil];NSString *htmlString = [GRMustacheTemplate renderObject:variables fromString:templatePath error:nil];[self.webView loadHTMLString:htmlString baseURL:nil];
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