前端基础(一)CSS布局基础_html/css_WEB-ITnose
CSS中, Box Model叫盒模型(或框模型),Box Model规定了元素框处理元素内容(element content)、内边距(padding)、边框(border) 和 外边距(margin) 的方式。这种方式基本类似于Android开发中的布局方式,所以对于Android developer学习前端布局方式可以很快的入门。但是有一点,在Android中设置margin和padding的顺序是left、top、right、bottom,比如[10, 20, 30, 20];但是在CSS中的顺序是top、right、bottom、left。概述图如下
定位基础
position 定位
position 包括以下几种类型的定位
-
static 默认值。任意 position: static; 的元素不会被特殊的定位。一个 static 元素表示它不会被“positioned”,一个 position 属性被设置为其他值的元素表示它会被“positioned”。
-
relative 相对布局,在原有基础上偏离使框偏离某个方向固定距离。跟Android中的布局方式很像例子
.relative2 { position: relative; top: -20px; //在原有top位置上向上偏移-20px left: 20px; //在原有left位置上向左偏移20px background-color: white; width: 500px;}
- absolute 绝对布局,向上寻找使用过 position 定位过(除了默认值static外)的祖先元素,然后依据该元素进行定位。
.relative { position: relative; width: 600px; height: 400px;}.absolute { position: absolute; top: 120px; right: 0; width: 300px; height: 200px;}
如图
- fixed 固定定位,相对于视窗来定位,这意味着即便页面滚动,它还是会停留在相同的位置。
.fixed { position: fixed; bottom: 0; right: 0; width: 200px; background-color: white;}
该元素的位置始终在右下角保持不变。
float 浮动
浮动的框可以向左或向右移动,直到它的外边缘碰到包含框或另一个浮动框的边框为止。
可以这样理解,比如 float: left 就是向左移动,直到坐边缘碰到根元素或者另外一个佛洞的边框的边缘。也就是说,如果好好几个向左浮动的元素,那么它们是从左到右依次排列的。
如下面的图
clear 清除浮动
clear 属性定义了元素的哪边上不允许出现浮动元素。
具体的例子参考 这里

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