Table of Contents
定位基础
position 定位
float 浮动
clear 清除浮动
Home Web Front-end HTML Tutorial 前端基础(一)CSS布局基础_html/css_WEB-ITnose

前端基础(一)CSS布局基础_html/css_WEB-ITnose

Jun 21, 2016 am 08:51 AM

CSS中, Box Model叫盒模型(或框模型),Box Model规定了元素框处理元素内容(element content)、内边距(padding)、边框(border) 和 外边距(margin) 的方式。这种方式基本类似于Android开发中的布局方式,所以对于Android developer学习前端布局方式可以很快的入门。但是有一点,在Android中设置margin和padding的顺序是left、top、right、bottom,比如[10, 20, 30, 20];但是在CSS中的顺序是top、right、bottom、left。概述图如下

定位基础

position 定位

position 包括以下几种类型的定位

  • static 默认值。任意 position: static; 的元素不会被特殊的定位。一个 static 元素表示它不会被“positioned”,一个 position 属性被设置为其他值的元素表示它会被“positioned”。

  • relative 相对布局,在原有基础上偏离使框偏离某个方向固定距离。跟Android中的布局方式很像例子

.relative2 {  position: relative;  top: -20px; //在原有top位置上向上偏移-20px  left: 20px; //在原有left位置上向左偏移20px  background-color: white;  width: 500px;}
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  • absolute 绝对布局,向上寻找使用过 position 定位过(除了默认值static外)的祖先元素,然后依据该元素进行定位。

.relative { position: relative; width: 600px; height: 400px;}.absolute { position: absolute; top: 120px; right: 0; width: 300px; height: 200px;}
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如图

  • fixed 固定定位,相对于视窗来定位,这意味着即便页面滚动,它还是会停留在相同的位置。

.fixed { position: fixed; bottom: 0; right: 0; width: 200px; background-color: white;}
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该元素的位置始终在右下角保持不变。

float 浮动

浮动的框可以向左或向右移动,直到它的外边缘碰到包含框或另一个浮动框的边框为止。

可以这样理解,比如 float: left 就是向左移动,直到坐边缘碰到根元素或者另外一个佛洞的边框的边缘。也就是说,如果好好几个向左浮动的元素,那么它们是从左到右依次排列的。

如下面的图

clear 清除浮动

clear 属性定义了元素的哪边上不允许出现浮动元素。

具体的例子参考 这里

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