给产品经理讲技术|一步一步写爬虫之网页分析_html/css_WEB-ITnose
【文章摘要】爬虫说白了就是一个脚本程序。说到脚本,我们平时遇到一些费时费力又容易出错的活儿,都可以把用到的命令写到脚本里,让计算机自动来执行。
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还记得之前文章里说的要把所有文章整理成pdf的计划吗?今天我们准备迈出第一步了。
既然确定了用爬虫来自动整理文章,你得先理解爬虫是什么。爬虫说白了就是一个脚本程序。说到脚本,我们平时遇到一些费时费力又容易出错的活儿,都可以把用到的命令写到脚本里,让计算机自动来执行。测试同学说的自动化脚本,运维同学说的环境配置脚本,都是这个意思。一个脚本包含了很多命令,一个接一个,告诉计算机第一步干什么,之后干什么,最后干什么。
在这里,我们的目标很明确,就是写一个爬虫脚本,让计算机一步一步的把「给产品经理讲技术」的所有历史文章,保存成pdf。
历史文章哪里去找?正好,微信公众号的关注界面有一个查看历史消息的链接。
点开历史消息,这个页面每次显示10篇文章,如果用户滑到底,就会再加载10篇出来,典型的异步加载。我们要找的,就是每篇文章的URL地址。只要找到所有文章的URL,就能下载到每篇文章的内容和图片,然后就可以进一步加工处理成pdf了。
为此,我们长按页面选择在浏览器中打开,然后把地址栏里的URL复制出来,发送到电脑上,用Chrome打开。用Chrome的最大好处,就是它有一个「开发人员工具」,可以直接查看网页的源码。按下command+option+L,打开开发人员工具,就能看到这个网页的源码了。我们要找的东西,就藏在这些乱七八糟的HTML代码里。
如何从HTML源码里找到我们想要的文章链接呢?
这要从HTML的结构说起。HTML全称超文本标记语言,所谓标记,就是说是它通过很多标签来描述一个网页。你看到很多像以
扯远了,一些常用的标签:
1、
。一个网页的很多重要信息,都是在这里声明的。比如说标题,就是在下的
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The roles of HTML, CSS and JavaScript in web development are: HTML is responsible for content structure, CSS is responsible for style, and JavaScript is responsible for dynamic behavior. 1. HTML defines the web page structure and content through tags to ensure semantics. 2. CSS controls the web page style through selectors and attributes to make it beautiful and easy to read. 3. JavaScript controls web page behavior through scripts to achieve dynamic and interactive functions.

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