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浅谈Python数据类型之间的转换

Jun 16, 2016 am 08:48 AM
python Data type conversion

Python数据类型之间的转换

函数 描述

int(x [,base])

将x转换为一个整数

long(x [,base] )

将x转换为一个长整数

float(x)

将x转换到一个浮点数

complex(real [,imag])

创建一个复数

str(x)

将对象 x 转换为字符串

repr(x)

将对象 x 转换为表达式字符串

eval(str)

用来计算在字符串中的有效Python表达式,并返回一个对象

tuple(s)

将序列 s 转换为一个元组

list(s)

将序列 s 转换为一个列表

set(s)

转换为可变集合

dict(d)

创建一个字典。d 必须是一个序列 (key,value)元组。

frozenset(s)

转换为不可变集合

chr(x)

将一个整数转换为一个字符

unichr(x)

将一个整数转换为Unicode字符

ord(x)

将一个字符转换为它的整数值

hex(x)

将一个整数转换为一个十六进制字符串

oct(x)

将一个整数转换为一个八进制字符串

查看变量数据类型:

a=3

import types

type(a)

int(a) #转换为整型

str(a) #转换为字符串

Python数学函数

函数 返回值 ( 描述 )
abs(x) 返回数字的绝对值,如abs(-10) 返回 10
ceil(x) 返回数字的上入整数,如math.ceil(4.1) 返回 5
cmp(x, y) 如果 x y 返回 1
exp(x) 返回e的x次幂(ex),如math.exp(1) 返回2.718281828459045
fabs(x) 返回数字的绝对值,如math.fabs(-10) 返回10.0
floor(x) 返回数字的下舍整数,如math.floor(4.9)返回 4
log(x) 如math.log(math.e)返回1.0,math.log(100,10)返回2.0
log10(x) 返回以10为基数的x的对数,如math.log10(100)返回 2.0
max(x1, x2,...) 返回给定参数的最大值,参数可以为序列。
min(x1, x2,...) 返回给定参数的最小值,参数可以为序列。
modf(x) 返回x的整数部分与小数部分,两部分的数值符号与x相同,整数部分以浮点型表示。
pow(x, y) x**y 运算后的值。
round(x [,n]) 返回浮点数x的四舍五入值,如给出n值,则代表舍入到小数点后的位数。
sqrt(x) 返回数字x的平方根,数字可以为负数,返回类型为实数,如math.sqrt(4)返回 2+0j

Python随机数函数

函数 描述
choice(seq) 从序列的元素中随机挑选一个元素,比如random.choice(range(10)),从0到9中随机挑选一个整数。
randrange ([start,] stop [,step]) 从指定范围内,按指定基数递增的集合中获取一个随机数,基数缺省值为1
random() 随机生成下一个实数,它在[0,1)范围内。
seed([x]) 改变随机数生成器的种子seed。如果你不了解其原理,你不必特别去设定seed,Python会帮你选择seed。
shuffle(lst) 将序列的所有元素随机排序
uniform(x, y) 随机生成下一个实数,它在[x,y]范围内。

以上这篇浅谈Python数据类型之间的转换就是小编分享给大家的全部内容了,希望能给大家一个参考,也希望大家多多支持脚本之家。

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