python生成器的使用方法
什么是生成器?
生成器是一个包含了特殊关键字yield的函数。当被调用的时候,生成器函数返回一个生成器。可以使用send,throw,close方法让生成器和外界交互。
生成器也是迭代器,但是它不仅仅是迭代器,拥有next方法并且行为和迭代器完全相同。所以生成器也可以用于python的循环中,
生成器如何使用?
首先看一个例子:
#!/usr/bin/python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
def flatten(nested):
for sublist in nested:
for element in sublist:
yield element
nested = [[1,2],[3,4],[5,6]]
for num in flatten(nested):
print num,
结果为1,2,3,4,5,6
递归生成器:
#!/usr/bin/python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
def flatten(nested):
try:
for sublist in nested:
for element in flatten(sublist):
yield element
except TypeError:
yield nested
for num in flatten([[1,2,3],2,4,[5,[6],7]]):
print num
结果为:1 2 3 2 4 5 6 7
让我们一起来看看生成器的本质
首先看下:
#!/usr/bin/python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
def simple_generator():
yield 1
print simple_generator
def repeater(value):
while True:
new = (yield value)
if new is not None: value = new
r = repeater(42)
print r.next()
print r.send('hello,world!')
结果为:
42
hello,world!
可以看出:
1)生成器就是一函数
2)生成器具有next方法
3)生成器可以使用send 方法和外界交互。

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