Python中bisect的用法
本文实例讲述了Python中bisect的用法，是一个比较常见的实用技巧。分享给大家供大家参考。具体分析如下：
一般来说，Python中的bisect用于操作排序的数组，比如你可以在向一个数组插入数据的同时进行排序。下面的代码演示了如何进行操作：
import bisect
import random
random.seed(1)
print('New pos contents')
print('-----------------')
l=[]
for i in range(1,15):
r=random.randint(1,100)
position=bisect.bisect(l,r)
bisect.insort(l,r)
print '%3d %3d'%(r,position),l
输出结果为：
New pos contents ----------------- 14 0 [14] 85 1 [14, 85] 77 1 [14, 77, 85] 26 1 [14, 26, 77, 85] 50 2 [14, 26, 50, 77, 85] 45 2 [14, 26, 45, 50, 77, 85] 66 4 [14, 26, 45, 50, 66, 77, 85] 79 6 [14, 26, 45, 50, 66, 77, 79, 85] 10 0 [10, 14, 26, 45, 50, 66, 77, 79, 85] 3 0 [3, 10, 14, 26, 45, 50, 66, 77, 79, 85] 84 9 [3, 10, 14, 26, 45, 50, 66, 77, 79, 84, 85] 44 4 [3, 10, 14, 26, 44, 45, 50, 66, 77, 79, 84, 85] 77 9 [3, 10, 14, 26, 44, 45, 50, 66, 77, 77, 79, 84, 85] 1 0 [1, 3, 10, 14, 26, 44, 45, 50, 66, 77, 77, 79, 84, 85]
可以看到，在插入这些随机数的时候数组同时进行了排序。不过其中有一些重复的元素，比如上面的77,77。你可以对这些重复元素的顺序进行设置，如果希望重复的元素出现在与他相同的元素左边就是用bisect_left，否则就是用bisect_right，相应的使用insort_left和insort_right。比如下面的代码，我们可以看到出现重复的元素索引变化：
import bisect
import random
random.seed(1)
print('New pos contents')
print('-----------------')
l=[]
for i in range(1,15):
r=random.randint(1,100)
position=bisect.bisect_left(l,r)
bisect.insort_left(l,r)
print '%3d %3d'%(r,position),l
输出结果为：
New pos contents ----------------- 14 0 [14] 85 1 [14, 85] 77 1 [14, 77, 85] 26 1 [14, 26, 77, 85] 50 2 [14, 26, 50, 77, 85] 45 2 [14, 26, 45, 50, 77, 85] 66 4 [14, 26, 45, 50, 66, 77, 85] 79 6 [14, 26, 45, 50, 66, 77, 79, 85] 10 0 [10, 14, 26, 45, 50, 66, 77, 79, 85] 3 0 [3, 10, 14, 26, 45, 50, 66, 77, 79, 85] 84 9 [3, 10, 14, 26, 45, 50, 66, 77, 79, 84, 85] 44 4 [3, 10, 14, 26, 44, 45, 50, 66, 77, 79, 84, 85] 77 8 [3, 10, 14, 26, 44, 45, 50, 66, 77, 77, 79, 84, 85] 1 0 [1, 3, 10, 14, 26, 44, 45, 50, 66, 77, 77, 79, 84, 85]
此函数bisect.bisect(list,key) ，犹如java里的TreeMap的tailMap(fromkey)。
希望本文所述对大家的Python程序设计有所帮助。
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