如何在PHP中使用Oracle数据库(1)
在php3.0以上版本中,php内置了几乎目前所有的数据库处理函数,包括Oracle;在本文中我们通过一个实例来介绍了如何使用这些函数来操作Oracle数据库。
PHP提供了2大类API(应用程序接口)来操作Oracle数据库。一个是标准的Oracle处理函数(ORA) 另一个是Oracle 8调用接口函数(OCI8). 后者只能在Oracle 7或8版本上使用。 由于OCI8 提供了很多优化选项,因此只要有可能就应该采用 OCI8 接口。这里我们分别用这二种函数集进行了演示。
首先本文的前提假设你已经装好了 Oracle数据库环境 和 PHP 开发环境. 如果不懂也没多大关系,网上有很多相关的好文章可以参考。
第一步:创建 一个实验用的数据库
这个问题你可以请你的数据库管理员或参考Oracle用户手册处理,这里不再多讲
用 ORA 建立数据表
即使你已经创建好了数据表,也请看看本段文字。它可以告诉你如何用PHP+SQL的技术操作Oracle
在本例中我们创建了一个用于存放个人email的数据表
相关PHP代码:
PutEnv("ORACLE_SID=ORASID");
$connection = Ora_Logon ("username", "password");
if ($connection == false){
echo Ora_ErrorCode($connection).": ".Ora_Error($connection)."
";
exit;
}
$cursor = Ora_Open ($connection);
if ($cursor == false){
echo Ora_ErrorCode($connection).": ".Ora_Error($connection)."
";
exit;
}
$query = "create table email_info " .
"(fullname varchar(255), email_address varchar(255))";
$result = Ora_Parse ($cursor, $query);
if ($result == false){
echo Ora_ErrorCode($cursor).": ".Ora_Error($cursor)."
";
exit;
}
$result = Ora_Exec ($cursor);
if ($result == false){
echo Ora_ErrorCode($cursor).": ".Ora_Error($cursor)."
";
exit;
}
Ora_Commit ($connection);
Ora_Close ($cursor);
Ora_Logoff ($connection);
?>
为了处理Oracle数据库,我们首先要和Oracle建立一个联结。
语法是 Ora_Logon (user, password),返回一个connectID..
提醒: 在此之前我们还必须设置环境变量: ORACLE_SID的值.
现在,我们可以通过该联结的 ID对Oracle进行交互式操作了。数据表名字就叫email_info吧。该表由2个域组成,一个存储个人全名,(如:晓月)一个存储email地址如(xiaoyue@163.net)
还需要一个游标 Ora_Open. 该游标常常用来枚举数据。我们用 Ora_Parse 或 Ora_Exec 查询Oracle的结果集. Ora_Parse 效验SQL语法正确性 而 Ora_Exec 则执行相应的SQL语句. 如果这一切都正常运行,那么我们就运行 Ora_Commit来确认.

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