Table of Contents
目录
常量定义
自定义常量
系统常量
常量取值
defined()函数
Home Backend Development PHP Tutorial 前端学PHP之恒量

前端学PHP之恒量

Jun 13, 2016 pm 12:28 PM
define defined echo php

前端学PHP之常量

目录
[1]常量定义 [2]自定义常量 [3]系统常量 [4]常量取值 [5]defined()

常量定义

  常量类似变量,但常量一旦被定义就无法更改或撤销定义。常量最主要的作用是可以避免重复定义,篡改变量值,提高代码可维护性。有效的常量名以字符或下划线开头(常量名称前面没有$符号)。通常,常量全用大写。PHP中的常量分为自定义常量和系统常量

  [注意]与变量不同,常量贯穿整个脚本是自动全局的

 

自定义常量

  自定义常量使用define()函数,它使用三个参数

  [1]首个参数定义常量的名称

  [2]第二个参数定义常量的值

  [3]可选的第三个参数规定常量名是否对大小写敏感,默认是false

  define()函数的语法格式为:

bool <span style="color: #008080;">define</span>(<span style="color: #0000ff;">string</span> <span style="color: #800080;">$constant_name</span>, <span style="color: #0000ff;">mixed</span> <span style="color: #800080;">$value</span>[, <span style="color: #800080;">$case_sensitive</span> = <span style="color: #0000ff;">true</span>])
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<span style="color: #000000;">php</span><span style="color: #800080;">$p</span> = 'PI0'<span style="color: #000000;">;</span><span style="color: #008080;">define</span>('PI',3.14<span style="color: #000000;">);</span><span style="color: #008080;">define</span>('PI',3.15);<span style="color: #008000;">//</span><span style="color: #008000;">无效,因为常量无法被修改定义</span><span style="color: #008080;">define</span>(<span style="color: #800080;">$p</span>,3.14<span style="color: #000000;">);</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">echo</span> <span style="color: #008080;">PI</span>;<span style="color: #008000;">//</span><span style="color: #008000;">3.14</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">echo</span> "<br>"<span style="color: #000000;">;</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">echo</span> PI0;<span style="color: #008000;">//</span><span style="color: #008000;">3.14</span>?>
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系统常量

  系统常量是PHP已经定义好的常量,常见的系统常量有:

  [1]__FILE__:php程序文件名。获取当前文件在服务器的物理位置

  [2]__LINE__:PHP程序文件行数。表示当前代码在第几行

  [3]PHP_VERSION:当前解析器的版本号。可以提前知道PHP代码是否可被该PHP解析器解析

  [4]PHP_OS:执行当前PHP版本的操作系统名称。告诉服务器所用的操作系统名称,根据该操作系统优化代码

<span style="color: #000000;">php</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">echo</span> <span style="color: #ff00ff;">__FILE__</span>;<span style="color: #008000;">//</span><span style="color: #008000;">D:\wamp\www\1.php</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">echo</span> "<br>"<span style="color: #000000;">;</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">echo</span> <span style="color: #ff00ff;">__LINE__</span>;<span style="color: #008000;">//</span><span style="color: #008000;">11</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">echo</span> "<br>"<span style="color: #000000;">;</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">echo</span> <span style="color: #ff00ff;">PHP_VERSION</span>;<span style="color: #008000;">//</span><span style="color: #008000;">5.5.12</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">echo</span> "<br>"<span style="color: #000000;">;</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">echo</span> <span style="color: #ff00ff;">PHP_OS</span>;<span style="color: #008000;">//</span><span style="color: #008000;">WINNT</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">echo</span> "<br>"<span style="color: #000000;">;</span>?>
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常量取值

  获取常量值有两种方法:一种是使用常量名直接获取值;另一种是使用constant()函数

  constant()函数语法格式为:mixed constant(string constant_name)

<span style="color: #000000;">php</span><span style="color: #800080;">$p</span><span style="color: #000000;">;</span><span style="color: #008080;">define</span>("PI1",3.14<span style="color: #000000;">);</span><span style="color: #008080;">define</span>("PI2",3.142<span style="color: #000000;">);</span><span style="color: #800080;">$height</span> = "中"<span style="color: #000000;">;</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">if</span>(<span style="color: #800080;">$height</span> == "中"<span style="color: #000000;">){    </span><span style="color: #800080;">$p</span> = "PI1"<span style="color: #000000;">;}</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">else</span><span style="color: #000000;">{    </span><span style="color: #800080;">$p</span> = "PI2"<span style="color: #000000;">;}</span><span style="color: #800080;">$r</span> = 1<span style="color: #000000;">;</span><span style="color: #800080;">$area</span> = <span style="color: #008080;">constant</span>("PI") * <span style="color: #800080;">$r</span> * <span style="color: #800080;">$r</span><span style="color: #000000;">;</span><span style="color: #0000ff;">echo</span> <span style="color: #800080;">$area</span><span style="color: #000000;">;</span>?>
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defined()函数

  如果常量被重复定义后,PHP解析器会发出"Constant XXX already defined"的警告,提醒该常量已被定义过

  defined()函数用来判断一个常量是否已经定义,其语法格式为:

bool <span style="color: #008080;">defined</span>(<span style="color: #0000ff;">string</span> constants_name)
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  若存在则返回true,否则返回false

<span style="color: #000000;">php </span><span style="color: #008080;">define</span>("PI1",3.14<span style="color: #000000;">);</span><span style="color: #800080;">$p</span> = "PI1"<span style="color: #000000;">;</span><span style="color: #800080;">$is1</span> = <span style="color: #008080;">defined</span>(<span style="color: #800080;">$p</span><span style="color: #000000;">);</span><span style="color: #800080;">$is2</span> = <span style="color: #008080;">defined</span>("PI2"<span style="color: #000000;">);</span><span style="color: #008080;">var_dump</span>(<span style="color: #800080;">$is1</span>);<span style="color: #008000;">//</span><span style="color: #008000;">bool(true)</span><span style="color: #008080;">var_dump</span>(<span style="color: #800080;">$is2</span>);<span style="color: #008000;">//</span><span style="color: #008000;">bool(false)</span>?>
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