PHP 第二节 数据类型之转换
在下列情况下一个变量被认为是 NULL
:
-
被赋值为
NULL
。 -
尚未被赋值。
-
被 unset()。
NULL
类型只有一个值,就是大小写不敏感的关键字 NULL
(你可以写成NULL,也可以写成null)。
将一个变量转换为 null 类型将会删除该变量并且unset它的值。
类型转换
PHP 在变量定义中不需要(或不支持)明确的类型定义;变量类型是根据使用该变量的上下文所决定的。也就是说,如果把一个字符串值赋给变量 var
,var
就成了一个字符串。如果又把一个整型值赋给 var
,那它就成了一个整数。
PHP 的自动类型转换的一个例子是加号“+”。如果任何一个操作数是浮点数,则所有的操作数都被当成浮点数,结果也是浮点数。否则操作数会被解释为整数,结果也是整数。注意这并没有改变这些操作数本身的类型;改变的仅是这些操作数如何被求值以及表达式本身的类型。
PHP 中的类型强制转换和 C 中的非常像:在要转换的变量之前加上用括号括起来的目标类型。
- (int), (integer) - 转换为 整型(integer)
- (bool), (boolean) - 转换为 布尔型(boolean)
- (float), (double), (real) - 转换为 浮点型(float)
- (string) - 转换为 字符串(string)
- (binary) - 转换为二进制 字符串(string) (PHP 6)
- (array) - 转换为 数组(array)
- (object) - 转换为 对象(object)
- (unset) - 转换为 NULL (PHP 5)
(binary) 转换会在结果前面加上前缀'b',PHP 5.2.1 新增。

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