解析mysql 表中的碎片产生原因以及清理
大量删除数据必然会在数据文件中造成不连续的空白空间,而当插入数据时,这些空白空间则会被利用起来 。
对于不同的存储引擎整理碎片的方式不一样。
myisam
可以有以下方式:
mysql> show table status from test like 'testusers'\G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
....
Rows: 3
Avg_row_length: 45
Data_free: 40
.....
因为在中间删除,所以留下了空白
mysql> optimize table testusers;
+----------------+----------+----------+----------+
| Table | Op | Msg_type | Msg_text |
+----------------+----------+----------+----------+
| test.testusers | optimize | status | OK |
+----------------+----------+----------+----------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> show table status from test like 'testusers'\G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
...
Rows: 3
Avg_row_length: 32
Data_length: 96
Data_free: 0
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
在optimize后,Data_free已经变为0.碎片数据被清除。
同样还可以用以下方式,效果和optimize一样
./bin/mysqlcheck -uroot -proot --socket=./tmp/mysql.sock -o test testusers
innodb
对于innodb 使用optimize和mysqlcheck都不起作用,可以如下进行
对于小表的话直接用ALTER TABLE table_name ;回收表空间,对于大表就不能直接采用这种方式,因为会造成长时间的锁表。可以采用新建表转移数据,然后删除旧表的形式,然后再重命名表。
另外有个python可以查看innodb表空间信息,可以在网上找哈,用python写的。

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