PHP保护数据库的具体代码示例
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因为数据库管理不善导致数据丢失，为自己带来损失的例子不再少数。我们这次就要讲到下面代码显示了运行 SQL 语句的示例脚本。在本例中，SQL 语句是允许相同攻击的动态语句。此表单的所有者可能认为表单是安全的，因为他们已经把列名限定为选择列表。但是，代码疏忽了关于表单欺骗的最后一个习惯 — 代码将选项限定为下拉框并不意味着其他人不能够发布含有所需内容的表单（包括星号 [*]）。
<ol class="dp-xml">
<li class="alt"><span><strong><font color="#006699"><span class="tag"><span class="tag-name">html</span><span class="tag">></span></span></font></strong><span> </span></span></li>
<li class="">
<span></span><strong><font color="#006699"><span class="tag"><span class="tag-name">head</span><span class="tag">></span></span></font></strong><span> </span>
</li>
<li class="alt">
<span></span><strong><font color="#006699"><span class="tag"><span class="tag-name">title</span><span class="tag">></span></span></font></strong><span>SQL Injection Example</span><strong><font color="#006699"><span class="tag"></span><span class="tag-name">title</span><span class="tag">></span></font></strong><span> </span>
</li>
<li class="">
<span></span><strong><font color="#006699"><span class="tag"></span><span class="tag-name">head</span><span class="tag">></span></font></strong><span> </span>
</li>
<li class="alt">
<span></span><strong><font color="#006699"><span class="tag"><span class="tag-name">body</span><span class="tag">></span></span></font></strong><span> </span>
</li>
<li class="">
<span></span><strong><font color="#006699"><span class="tag"><span class="tag-name">form</span></span></font></strong><span> </span><span class="attribute"><font color="#ff0000">id</font></span><span>=</span><span class="attribute-value"><font color="#0000ff">"myFrom"</font></span><span> </span><span class="attribute"><font color="#ff0000">action</font></span><span>=</span><span class="attribute-value"><font color="#0000ff">"<?php echo $_SERVER['PHP_SELF']; ?>"</font></span><span> </span>
</li>
<li class="alt">
<span> </span><span class="attribute"><font color="#ff0000">method</font></span><span>=</span><span class="attribute-value"><font color="#0000ff">"post"</font></span><span class="tag"><strong><font color="#006699">></font></strong></span><span> </span>
</li>
<li class="">
<span></span><strong><font color="#006699"><span class="tag"><span class="tag-name">div</span><span class="tag">></span><span class="tag"><span class="tag-name">input</span></span></span></font></strong><span> </span><span class="attribute"><font color="#ff0000">type</font></span><span>=</span><span class="attribute-value"><font color="#0000ff">"text"</font></span><span> </span><span class="attribute"><font color="#ff0000">name</font></span><span>=</span><span class="attribute-value"><font color="#0000ff">"account_number"</font></span><span> </span>
</li>
<li class="alt">
<span> </span><span class="attribute"><font color="#ff0000">value</font></span><span>="</span><strong><font color="#006699"><span class="tag"></span><span class="tag-name">php</span></font></strong><span> echo(isset($_POST['account_number']) ? </span>
</li>
<li class="">
<span> $_POST['account_number'] : ''); </span><span class="tag"><strong><font color="#006699">?></font></strong></span><span>" </span><span class="tag"><strong><font color="#006699">/></font></strong></span><span> </span>
</li>
<li class="alt">
<span></span><strong><font color="#006699"><span class="tag"><span class="tag-name">select</span></span></font></strong><span> </span><span class="attribute"><font color="#ff0000">name</font></span><span>=</span><span class="attribute-value"><font color="#0000ff">"col"</font></span><span class="tag"><strong><font color="#006699">></font></strong></span><span> </span>
</li>
<li class="">
<span></span><strong><font color="#006699"><span class="tag"><span class="tag-name">option</span></span></font></strong><span> </span><span class="attribute"><font color="#ff0000">value</font></span><span>=</span><span class="attribute-value"><font color="#0000ff">"account_number"</font></span><span class="tag"><strong><font color="#006699">></font></strong></span><span>Account Number</span><strong><font color="#006699"><span class="tag"></span><span class="tag-name">option</span><span class="tag">></span></font></strong><span> </span>
</li>
<li class="alt">
<span></span><strong><font color="#006699"><span class="tag"><span class="tag-name">option</span></span></font></strong><span> </span><span class="attribute"><font color="#ff0000">value</font></span><span>=</span><span class="attribute-value"><font color="#0000ff">"name"</font></span><span class="tag"><strong><font color="#006699">></font></strong></span><span>Name</span><strong><font color="#006699"><span class="tag"></span><span class="tag-name">option</span><span class="tag">></span></font></strong><span> </span>
</li>
<li class="">
<span></span><strong><font color="#006699"><span class="tag"><span class="tag-name">option</span></span></font></strong><span> </span><span class="attribute"><font color="#ff0000">value</font></span><span>=</span><span class="attribute-value"><font color="#0000ff">"address"</font></span><span class="tag"><strong><font color="#006699">></font></strong></span><span>Address</span><strong><font color="#006699"><span class="tag"></span><span class="tag-name">option</span><span class="tag">></span></font></strong><span> </span>
</li>
<li class="alt">
<span></span><strong><font color="#006699"><span class="tag"></span><span class="tag-name">select</span><span class="tag">></span></font></strong><span> </span>
</li>
<li class="">
<span></span><strong><font color="#006699"><span class="tag"><span class="tag-name">input</span></span></font></strong><span> </span><span class="attribute"><font color="#ff0000">type</font></span><span>=</span><span class="attribute-value"><font color="#0000ff">"submit"</font></span><span> </span><span class="attribute"><font color="#ff0000">value</font></span><span>=</span><span class="attribute-value"><font color="#0000ff">"Save"</font></span><span> </span><span class="attribute"><font color="#ff0000">name</font></span><span>=</span><span class="attribute-value"><font color="#0000ff">"submit"</font></span><span> </span><strong><font color="#006699"><span class="tag">/></span><span class="tag"></span><span class="tag-name">div</span><span class="tag">></span></font></strong><span> </span>
</li>
<li class="alt">
<span></span><strong><font color="#006699"><span class="tag"></span><span class="tag-name">form</span><span class="tag">></span></font></strong><span> </span>
</li>
<li class="">
<span></span><strong><font color="#006699"><span class="tag"></span><span class="tag-name">php</span></font></strong><span> </span>
</li>
<li class="alt"><span>if ($_POST['submit'] == 'Save') { </span></li>
<li class=""><span> /* do the form processing */ </span></li>
<li class="alt">
<span> $</span><span class="attribute"><font color="#ff0000">link</font></span><span> = </span><span class="attribute-value"><font color="#0000ff">mysql_connect</font></span><span>('hostname', 'user', 'password') or </span>
</li>
<li class=""><span> die ('Could not connect' . mysql_error()); </span></li>
<li class="alt"><span> mysql_select_db('test', $link); </span></li>
<li class=""><span> </span></li>
<li class="alt">
<span> $</span><span class="attribute"><font color="#ff0000">col</font></span><span> = $_POST['col']; </span>
</li>
<li class=""><span> </span></li>
<li class="alt">
<span> $</span><span class="attribute"><font color="#ff0000">select</font></span><span> = </span><span class="attribute-value"><font color="#0000ff">"SELECT "</font></span><span> . $col . " FROM account_data WHERE </span><span class="attribute"><font color="#ff0000">account_number</font></span><span> = " </span>
</li>
<li class=""><span> . $_POST['account_number'] . ";" ; </span></li>
<li class="alt">
<span> echo '</span><strong><font color="#006699"><span class="tag"><span class="tag-name">p</span><span class="tag">></span></span></font></strong><span>' . $select . '</span><strong><font color="#006699"><span class="tag"></span><span class="tag-name">p</span><span class="tag">></span></font></strong><span>'; </span>
</li>
<li class=""><span> </span></li>
<li class="alt">
<span> $</span><span class="attribute"><font color="#ff0000">result</font></span><span> = </span><span class="attribute-value"><font color="#0000ff">mysql_query</font></span><span>($select) or die('</span><strong><font color="#006699"><span class="tag"><span class="tag-name">p</span><span class="tag">></span></span></font></strong><span>' . mysql_error() . '</span><strong><font color="#006699"><span class="tag"></span><span class="tag-name">p</span><span class="tag">></span></font></strong><span>'); </span>
</li>
<li class=""><span> </span></li>
<li class="alt">
<span> echo '</span><strong><font color="#006699"><span class="tag"><span class="tag-name">table</span><span class="tag">></span></span></font></strong><span>'; </span>
</li>
<li class="">
<span> while ($</span><span class="attribute"><font color="#ff0000">row</font></span><span> = </span><span class="attribute-value"><font color="#0000ff">mysql_fetch_assoc</font></span><span>($result)) { </span>
</li>
<li class="alt">
<span> echo '</span><strong><font color="#006699"><span class="tag"><span class="tag-name">tr</span><span class="tag">></span></span></font></strong><span>'; </span>
</li>
<li class="">
<span> echo '</span><strong><font color="#006699"><span class="tag"><span class="tag-name">td</span><span class="tag">></span></span></font></strong><span>' . $row[$col] . '</span><strong><font color="#006699"><span class="tag"></span><span class="tag-name">td</span><span class="tag">></span></font></strong><span>'; </span>
</li>
<li class="alt">
<span> echo '</span><strong><font color="#006699"><span class="tag"></span><span class="tag-name">tr</span><span class="tag">></span></font></strong><span>'; </span>
</li>
<li class=""><span> } </span></li>
<li class="alt">
<span> echo '</span><strong><font color="#006699"><span class="tag"></span><span class="tag-name">table</span><span class="tag">></span></font></strong><span>'; </span>
</li>
<li class=""><span> </span></li>
<li class="alt"><span> mysql_close($link); </span></li>
<li class=""><span>} </span></li>
<li class="alt">
<span></span><span class="tag"><strong><font color="#006699">?></font></strong></span><span> </span>
</li>
<li class="">
<span></span><strong><font color="#006699"><span class="tag"></span><span class="tag-name">body</span><span class="tag">></span></font></strong><span> </span>
</li>
<li class="alt">
<span></span><strong><font color="#006699"><span class="tag"></span><span class="tag-name">html</span><span class="tag">></span></font></strong><span> </span>
</li>
</ol>Copy after login
因此，要形成PHP保护数据库的习惯，请尽可能避免使用动态 SQL 代码。如果无法避免动态 SQL 代码，请不要对列直接使用输入。下面则显示了除使用静态列外，还可以向帐户编号字段添加简单验证例程以确保输入值不是非数字值。
<ol class="dp-xml">
<li class="alt"><span><strong><font color="#006699"><span class="tag"><span class="tag-name">html</span><span class="tag">></span></span></font></strong><span> </span></span></li>
<li class="">
<span></span><strong><font color="#006699"><span class="tag"><span class="tag-name">head</span><span class="tag">></span></span></font></strong><span> </span>
</li>
<li class="alt">
<span></span><strong><font color="#006699"><span class="tag"><span class="tag-name">title</span><span class="tag">></span></span></font></strong><span>SQL Injection Example</span><strong><font color="#006699"><span class="tag"></span><span class="tag-name">title</span><span class="tag">></span></font></strong><span> </span>
</li>
<li class="">
<span></span><strong><font color="#006699"><span class="tag"></span><span class="tag-name">head</span><span class="tag">></span></font></strong><span> </span>
</li>
<li class="alt">
<span></span><strong><font color="#006699"><span class="tag"><span class="tag-name">body</span><span class="tag">></span></span></font></strong><span> </span>
</li>
<li class="">
<span></span><strong><font color="#006699"><span class="tag"><span class="tag-name">form</span></span></font></strong><span> </span><span class="attribute"><font color="#ff0000">id</font></span><span>=</span><span class="attribute-value"><font color="#0000ff">"myFrom"</font></span><span> </span><span class="attribute"><font color="#ff0000">action</font></span><span>=</span><span class="attribute-value"><font color="#0000ff">"<?php echo $_SERVER['PHP_SELF']; ?>"</font></span><span> </span>
</li>
<li class="alt">
<span> </span><span class="attribute"><font color="#ff0000">method</font></span><span>=</span><span class="attribute-value"><font color="#0000ff">"post"</font></span><span class="tag"><strong><font color="#006699">></font></strong></span><span> </span>
</li>
<li class="">
<span></span><strong><font color="#006699"><span class="tag"><span class="tag-name">div</span><span class="tag">></span><span class="tag"><span class="tag-name">input</span></span></span></font></strong><span> </span><span class="attribute"><font color="#ff0000">type</font></span><span>=</span><span class="attribute-value"><font color="#0000ff">"text"</font></span><span> </span><span class="attribute"><font color="#ff0000">name</font></span><span>=</span><span class="attribute-value"><font color="#0000ff">"account_number"</font></span><span> </span>
</li>
<li class="alt">
<span> </span><span class="attribute"><font color="#ff0000">value</font></span><span>="</span><strong><font color="#006699"><span class="tag"></span><span class="tag-name">php</span></font></strong><span> echo(isset($_POST['account_number']) ? </span>
</li>
<li class="">
<span> $_POST['account_number'] : ''); </span><span class="tag"><strong><font color="#006699">?></font></strong></span><span>" </span><span class="tag"><strong><font color="#006699">/></font></strong></span><span> </span><strong><font color="#006699"><span class="tag"><span class="tag-name">input</span></span></font></strong><span> </span><span class="attribute"><font color="#ff0000">type</font></span><span>=</span><span class="attribute-value"><font color="#0000ff">"submit"</font></span><span> </span>
</li>
<li class="alt">
<span> </span><span class="attribute"><font color="#ff0000">value</font></span><span>=</span><span class="attribute-value"><font color="#0000ff">"Save"</font></span><span> </span><span class="attribute"><font color="#ff0000">name</font></span><span>=</span><span class="attribute-value"><font color="#0000ff">"submit"</font></span><span> </span><strong><font color="#006699"><span class="tag">/></span><span class="tag"></span><span class="tag-name">div</span><span class="tag">></span></font></strong><span> </span>
</li>
<li class="">
<span></span><strong><font color="#006699"><span class="tag"></span><span class="tag-name">form</span><span class="tag">></span></font></strong><span> </span>
</li>
<li class="alt">
<span></span><strong><font color="#006699"><span class="tag"></span><span class="tag-name">php</span></font></strong><span> </span>
</li>
<li class=""><span>function isValidAccountNumber($number) </span></li>
<li class="alt"><span>{ </span></li>
<li class=""><span> return is_numeric($number); </span></li>
<li class="alt"><span>} </span></li>
<li class=""><span>if ($_POST['submit'] == 'Save') { </span></li>
<li class="alt"><span> </span></li>
<li class=""><span> /* Remember habit #1--validate your data! */ </span></li>
<li class="alt"><span> if (isset($_POST['account_number']) & </span></li>
<li class=""><span> isValidAccountNumber($_POST['account_number'])) { </span></li>
<li class="alt"><span> </span></li>
<li class=""><span> /* do the form processing */ </span></li>
<li class="alt">
<span> $</span><span class="attribute"><font color="#ff0000">link</font></span><span> = </span><span class="attribute-value"><font color="#0000ff">mysql_connect</font></span><span>('hostname', 'user', 'password') or </span>
</li>
<li class=""><span> die ('Could not connect' . mysql_error()); </span></li>
<li class="alt"><span> mysql_select_db('test', $link); </span></li>
<li class=""><span> </span></li>
<li class="alt">
<span> $</span><span class="attribute"><font color="#ff0000">select</font></span><span> = </span><span class="attribute-value"><font color="#0000ff">sprintf</font></span><span>("SELECT account_number, name, address " . </span>
</li>
<li class="">
<span> " FROM account_data WHERE </span><span class="attribute"><font color="#ff0000">account_number</font></span><span> = %s;", </span>
</li>
<li class="alt"><span> mysql_real_escape_string($_POST['account_number'])); </span></li>
<li class="">
<span> echo '</span><strong><font color="#006699"><span class="tag"><span class="tag-name">p</span><span class="tag">></span></span></font></strong><span>' . $select . '</span><strong><font color="#006699"><span class="tag"></span><span class="tag-name">p</span><span class="tag">></span></font></strong><span>'; </span>
</li>
<li class="alt">
<span> $</span><span class="attribute"><font color="#ff0000">result</font></span><span> = </span><span class="attribute-value"><font color="#0000ff">mysql_query</font></span><span>($select) or die('</span><strong><font color="#006699"><span class="tag"><span class="tag-name">p</span><span class="tag">></span></span></font></strong><span>' . mysql_error() . '</span><strong><font color="#006699"><span class="tag"></span><span class="tag-name">p</span><span class="tag">></span></font></strong><span>'); </span>
</li>
<li class=""><span> </span></li>
<li class="alt">
<span> echo '</span><strong><font color="#006699"><span class="tag"><span class="tag-name">table</span><span class="tag">></span></span></font></strong><span>'; </span>
</li>
<li class="">
<span> while ($</span><span class="attribute"><font color="#ff0000">row</font></span><span> = </span><span class="attribute-value"><font color="#0000ff">mysql_fetch_assoc</font></span><span>($result)) { </span>
</li>
<li class="alt">
<span> echo '</span><strong><font color="#006699"><span class="tag"><span class="tag-name">tr</span><span class="tag">></span></span></font></strong><span>'; </span>
</li>
<li class="">
<span> echo '</span><strong><font color="#006699"><span class="tag"><span class="tag-name">td</span><span class="tag">></span></span></font></strong><span>' . $row['account_number'] . '</span><strong><font color="#006699"><span class="tag"></span><span class="tag-name">td</span><span class="tag">></span></font></strong><span>'; </span>
</li>
<li class="alt">
<span> echo '</span><strong><font color="#006699"><span class="tag"><span class="tag-name">td</span><span class="tag">></span></span></font></strong><span>' . $row['name'] . '</span><strong><font color="#006699"><span class="tag"></span><span class="tag-name">td</span><span class="tag">></span></font></strong><span>'; </span>
</li>
<li class="">
<span> echo '</span><strong><font color="#006699"><span class="tag"><span class="tag-name">td</span><span class="tag">></span></span></font></strong><span>' . $row['address'] . '</span><strong><font color="#006699"><span class="tag"></span><span class="tag-name">td</span><span class="tag">></span></font></strong><span>'; </span>
</li>
<li class="alt">
<span> echo '</span><strong><font color="#006699"><span class="tag"></span><span class="tag-name">tr</span><span class="tag">></span></font></strong><span>'; </span>
</li>
<li class=""><span> } </span></li>
<li class="alt">
<span> echo '</span><strong><font color="#006699"><span class="tag"></span><span class="tag-name">table</span><span class="tag">></span></font></strong><span>'; </span>
</li>
<li class=""><span> </span></li>
<li class="alt"><span> mysql_close($link); </span></li>
<li class=""><span> } else { </span></li>
<li class="alt">
<span> echo "</span><strong><font color="#006699"><span class="tag"><span class="tag-name">span</span></span></font></strong><span> </span><span class="attribute"><font color="#ff0000">style</font></span><span>="font-color:red"</span><span class="tag"><strong><font color="#006699">></font></strong></span><span>" . </span>
</li>
<li class="">
<span> "Please supply a valid account number!</span><strong><font color="#006699"><span class="tag"></span><span class="tag-name">span</span><span class="tag">></span></font></strong><span>"; </span>
</li>
<li class="alt"><span> </span></li>
<li class=""><span> } </span></li>
<li class="alt"><span>} </span></li>
<li class="">
<span></span><span class="tag"><strong><font color="#006699">?></font></strong></span><span> </span>
</li>
<li class="alt">
<span></span><strong><font color="#006699"><span class="tag"></span><span class="tag-name">body</span><span class="tag">></span></font></strong><span> </span>
</li>
<li class="">
<span></span><strong><font color="#006699"><span class="tag"></span><span class="tag-name">html</span><span class="tag">></span></font></strong><span> </span>
</li>
</ol>Copy after login
在这次PHP保护数据库的例子中还展示了 mysql_real_escape_string() 函数的用法。此函数将正确地过滤您的输入，因此它不包括无效字符。如果您一直依赖于 magic_quotes_gpc，那么需要注意它已被弃用并且将在 PHP V6 中删除。从现在开始应避免使用它并在此情况下编写安全的 PHP 应用程序。此外，如果使用的是 ISP，则有可能您的 ISP 没有启用 magic_quotes_gpc。
最后，在改进的PHP保护数据库示例中，您可以看到该 SQL 语句和输出没有包括动态列选项。使用这种方法，如果把列添加到稍后含有不同信息的表中，则可以输出这些列。如果要使用框架以与数据库结合使用，则您的框架可能已经为您执行了 SQL 验证。确保查阅文档以保证框架的安全性；如果仍然不确定，请进行验证以确保稳妥。即使使用框架进行数据库交互，仍然需要执行其他验证。
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Explain JSON Web Tokens (JWT) and their use case in PHP APIs.
Apr 05, 2025 am 12:04 AM
JWT is an open standard based on JSON, used to securely transmit information between parties, mainly for identity authentication and information exchange. 1. JWT consists of three parts: Header, Payload and Signature. 2. The working principle of JWT includes three steps: generating JWT, verifying JWT and parsing Payload. 3. When using JWT for authentication in PHP, JWT can be generated and verified, and user role and permission information can be included in advanced usage. 4. Common errors include signature verification failure, token expiration, and payload oversized. Debugging skills include using debugging tools and logging. 5. Performance optimization and best practices include using appropriate signature algorithms, setting validity periods reasonably,
PHP Program to Count Vowels in a String
Feb 07, 2025 pm 12:12 PM
A string is a sequence of characters, including letters, numbers, and symbols. This tutorial will learn how to calculate the number of vowels in a given string in PHP using different methods. The vowels in English are a, e, i, o, u, and they can be uppercase or lowercase. What is a vowel? Vowels are alphabetic characters that represent a specific pronunciation. There are five vowels in English, including uppercase and lowercase: a, e, i, o, u Example 1 Input: String = "Tutorialspoint" Output: 6 explain The vowels in the string "Tutorialspoint" are u, o, i, a, o, i. There are 6 yuan in total
How do you parse and process HTML/XML in PHP?
Feb 07, 2025 am 11:57 AM
This tutorial demonstrates how to efficiently process XML documents using PHP. XML (eXtensible Markup Language) is a versatile text-based markup language designed for both human readability and machine parsing. It's commonly used for data storage an
Explain late static binding in PHP (static::).
Apr 03, 2025 am 12:04 AM
Static binding (static::) implements late static binding (LSB) in PHP, allowing calling classes to be referenced in static contexts rather than defining classes. 1) The parsing process is performed at runtime, 2) Look up the call class in the inheritance relationship, 3) It may bring performance overhead.
What are PHP magic methods (__construct, __destruct, __call, __get, __set, etc.) and provide use cases?
Apr 03, 2025 am 12:03 AM
What are the magic methods of PHP? PHP's magic methods include: 1.\_\_construct, used to initialize objects; 2.\_\_destruct, used to clean up resources; 3.\_\_call, handle non-existent method calls; 4.\_\_get, implement dynamic attribute access; 5.\_\_set, implement dynamic attribute settings. These methods are automatically called in certain situations, improving code flexibility and efficiency.
MySQL: Simple Concepts for Easy Learning
Apr 10, 2025 am 09:29 AM
MySQL is an open source relational database management system. 1) Create database and tables: Use the CREATEDATABASE and CREATETABLE commands. 2) Basic operations: INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE and SELECT. 3) Advanced operations: JOIN, subquery and transaction processing. 4) Debugging skills: Check syntax, data type and permissions. 5) Optimization suggestions: Use indexes, avoid SELECT* and use transactions.
