Home php教程 php手册 初学者必看:关于PHP数组元素介绍

初学者必看:关于PHP数组元素介绍

Jun 13, 2016 am 11:04 AM
php learn introduce element about beginner develop publish Multi-user I array

PHP经过长时间的发展,很多用户都很了解PHP了,这里我发表一下个人理解,和大家讨论讨论关于PHP数组元素。如果你曾经写过使用大量变量的脚本(有时候近100个),你就会知道跟踪每个变量的内容和用途是多么的难受。真的,我曾经有过这样的经历。如果我们能把变量保存在另一个变量里边,变量列表的长度就从100减少到10以内。这就是数组是如何而来的。

一个数组,从最简单的形式来讲,是一个保存变量的变量。这很像一个城市里的一列房屋。城市拥有很多房屋,而每个房屋有一个地址。同样的情况,每个变量(房子)在一个数组(城市)里有它自己的地址,我们叫它索引。让我们假设你有三个人名分别存放在叫做$sPerson1、$sPerson2和$sPerson3的变量中。现在你可以在你的程序中使用这三个变量,但是这样很容易忘记哪个变量是哪个……尤其是有其他变量的时候。要将这三个变量放到一个数组中,你可以像这样做:
<ol class="dp-xml">
<li class="alt"><span><strong><font color="#006699"><span class="tag"></span><span class="tag-name">php</span></font></strong><span> </span></span></li>
<li class="">
<span>$</span><span class="attribute-value"><font color="#0000ff">array</font></span><span class="attribute"><font color="#ff0000">arrayPeople</font></span><span> = array("John", "Susie", "Dave");  </span>
</li>
<li class="alt">
<span></span><span class="tag"><strong><font color="#006699">?></font></strong></span><span> </span>
</li>
</ol>
Copy after login

现在,我使用$arrayPeople来代替$sPerson1, $sPerson2, and $sPerson3。注意我是如何使用PHP中的array()函数的。如果这三个名字是数字,我不会使用引号把它引起来。为了显示这三个名字,我是这样做的:

<ol class="dp-xml">
<li class="alt"><span><strong><font color="#006699"><span class="tag"></span><span class="tag-name">php</span></font></strong><span> </span></span></li>
<li class="">
<span>$</span><span class="attribute-value"><font color="#0000ff">array</font></span><span class="attribute"><font color="#ff0000">arrayPeople</font></span><span> = array("John", "Susie", "Dave");  </span>
</li>
<li class="alt"><span>print $arrayPeople[0];  </span></li>
<li class=""><span>print $arrayPeople[1];  </span></li>
<li class="alt"><span>print $arrayPeople[2];  </span></li>
<li class="">
<span></span><span class="tag"><strong><font color="#006699">?></font></strong></span><span> </span>
</li>
</ol>
Copy after login

为什么是从零开始?因为索引从那里开始。不管你把什么放到数组里,索引总是从零(0)开始自动累加。你可以手动给索引指定一个特定的入口,等一下我会说到这点。现在我将给你演示怎么通过一个循环自动的显示一个数组的内容:

<ol class="dp-xml">
<li class="alt"><span><strong><font color="#006699"><span class="tag"></span><span class="tag-name">php</span></font></strong><span> </span></span></li>
<li class="">
<span>$</span><span class="attribute-value"><font color="#0000ff">array</font></span><span class="attribute"><font color="#ff0000">arrayPeople</font></span><span> = array("John", "Susie", "Dave");  </span>
</li>
<li class="alt">
<span>$</span><span class="attribute"><font color="#ff0000">nArraySize</font></span><span> = </span><span class="attribute-value"><font color="#0000ff">count</font></span><span>($arrayPeople);  </span>
</li>
<li class="">
<span>for($</span><span class="attribute"><font color="#ff0000">index</font></span><span>=</span><span class="attribute-value"><font color="#0000ff">0</font></span><span>; $index </span><span class="tag"><strong><font color="#006699"></font></strong></span><span> $nArraySize; $index++) // max. index is always number of entries - 1  </span>
</li>
<li class="alt"><span>// because index starts at zero  </span></li>
<li class=""><span>{  </span></li>
<li class="alt"><span>print $arrayPeople[$index];  </span></li>
<li class=""><span>}  </span></li>
<li class="alt">
<span></span><span class="tag"><strong><font color="#006699">?></font></strong></span><span> </span>
</li>
</ol>
Copy after login

在这种情况下,$index是条目的索引(地址),$nArraySize是PHP数组元素的个数。count()函数返回PHP数组元素的个数。对像我刚才使用的小数组而已,使用循环的确增加了代码的长度,但是当你开始处理元素成百上千的数组时(他们的确存在),你就会很乐意使用循环了。

下边我将讲讲如何创建为数组创建你自己的索引。每当我使用SESSIONS来为我的网站设定管理员权限的时候,我都会使用数组来保存seesion信息。这里是相关的代码

<ol class="dp-xml">
<li class="alt"><span><strong><font color="#006699"><span class="tag"></span><span class="tag-name">php</span></font></strong><span> </span></span></li>
<li class="">
<span>$</span><span class="attribute"><font color="#ff0000">SESSION</font></span><span>= </span><span class="attribute-value"><font color="#0000ff">array</font></span><span>(); // that creates a blank array  </span>
</li>
<li class="alt"><span>$SESSION["username"] = $sUserName;  </span></li>
<li class=""><span>$SESSION["password"] = $sPassword;  </span></li>
<li class="alt"><span>$SESSION["accesslevel"] = $nLevel;  </span></li>
<li class=""><span>// etc,etc,etc.  </span></li>
<li class="alt">
<span></span><span class="tag"><strong><font color="#006699">?></font></strong></span><span> </span>
</li>
</ol>
Copy after login

看见我怎么使用单词来表示索引了吗?这样我就可以知道$SESSION["username"]包含的是人名。这比要从$SESSION[0]记起它保存的是用户名容易多了。我使用数组时总是像这样使用变量的名字代替索引来表示元素。所以为了在数组$arrayDays中保存$nDaysinMay,我会使用$arrayDays["nDaysinMay"]。这样我就能始终知道元素里包含的是什么变量。


Statement of this Website
The content of this article is voluntarily contributed by netizens, and the copyright belongs to the original author. This site does not assume corresponding legal responsibility. If you find any content suspected of plagiarism or infringement, please contact admin@php.cn

Hot AI Tools

Undresser.AI Undress

Undresser.AI Undress

AI-powered app for creating realistic nude photos

AI Clothes Remover

AI Clothes Remover

Online AI tool for removing clothes from photos.

Undress AI Tool

Undress AI Tool

Undress images for free

Clothoff.io

Clothoff.io

AI clothes remover

Video Face Swap

Video Face Swap

Swap faces in any video effortlessly with our completely free AI face swap tool!

Hot Tools

Notepad++7.3.1

Notepad++7.3.1

Easy-to-use and free code editor

SublimeText3 Chinese version

SublimeText3 Chinese version

Chinese version, very easy to use

Zend Studio 13.0.1

Zend Studio 13.0.1

Powerful PHP integrated development environment

Dreamweaver CS6

Dreamweaver CS6

Visual web development tools

SublimeText3 Mac version

SublimeText3 Mac version

God-level code editing software (SublimeText3)

PHP 8.4 Installation and Upgrade guide for Ubuntu and Debian PHP 8.4 Installation and Upgrade guide for Ubuntu and Debian Dec 24, 2024 pm 04:42 PM

PHP 8.4 brings several new features, security improvements, and performance improvements with healthy amounts of feature deprecations and removals. This guide explains how to install PHP 8.4 or upgrade to PHP 8.4 on Ubuntu, Debian, or their derivati

7 PHP Functions I Regret I Didn't Know Before 7 PHP Functions I Regret I Didn't Know Before Nov 13, 2024 am 09:42 AM

If you are an experienced PHP developer, you might have the feeling that you’ve been there and done that already.You have developed a significant number of applications, debugged millions of lines of code, and tweaked a bunch of scripts to achieve op

How To Set Up Visual Studio Code (VS Code) for PHP Development How To Set Up Visual Studio Code (VS Code) for PHP Development Dec 20, 2024 am 11:31 AM

Visual Studio Code, also known as VS Code, is a free source code editor — or integrated development environment (IDE) — available for all major operating systems. With a large collection of extensions for many programming languages, VS Code can be c

Explain JSON Web Tokens (JWT) and their use case in PHP APIs. Explain JSON Web Tokens (JWT) and their use case in PHP APIs. Apr 05, 2025 am 12:04 AM

JWT is an open standard based on JSON, used to securely transmit information between parties, mainly for identity authentication and information exchange. 1. JWT consists of three parts: Header, Payload and Signature. 2. The working principle of JWT includes three steps: generating JWT, verifying JWT and parsing Payload. 3. When using JWT for authentication in PHP, JWT can be generated and verified, and user role and permission information can be included in advanced usage. 4. Common errors include signature verification failure, token expiration, and payload oversized. Debugging skills include using debugging tools and logging. 5. Performance optimization and best practices include using appropriate signature algorithms, setting validity periods reasonably,

PHP Program to Count Vowels in a String PHP Program to Count Vowels in a String Feb 07, 2025 pm 12:12 PM

A string is a sequence of characters, including letters, numbers, and symbols. This tutorial will learn how to calculate the number of vowels in a given string in PHP using different methods. The vowels in English are a, e, i, o, u, and they can be uppercase or lowercase. What is a vowel? Vowels are alphabetic characters that represent a specific pronunciation. There are five vowels in English, including uppercase and lowercase: a, e, i, o, u Example 1 Input: String = "Tutorialspoint" Output: 6 explain The vowels in the string "Tutorialspoint" are u, o, i, a, o, i. There are 6 yuan in total

How do you parse and process HTML/XML in PHP? How do you parse and process HTML/XML in PHP? Feb 07, 2025 am 11:57 AM

This tutorial demonstrates how to efficiently process XML documents using PHP. XML (eXtensible Markup Language) is a versatile text-based markup language designed for both human readability and machine parsing. It's commonly used for data storage an

Explain late static binding in PHP (static::). Explain late static binding in PHP (static::). Apr 03, 2025 am 12:04 AM

Static binding (static::) implements late static binding (LSB) in PHP, allowing calling classes to be referenced in static contexts rather than defining classes. 1) The parsing process is performed at runtime, 2) Look up the call class in the inheritance relationship, 3) It may bring performance overhead.

What are PHP magic methods (__construct, __destruct, __call, __get, __set, etc.) and provide use cases? What are PHP magic methods (__construct, __destruct, __call, __get, __set, etc.) and provide use cases? Apr 03, 2025 am 12:03 AM

What are the magic methods of PHP? PHP's magic methods include: 1.\_\_construct, used to initialize objects; 2.\_\_destruct, used to clean up resources; 3.\_\_call, handle non-existent method calls; 4.\_\_get, implement dynamic attribute access; 5.\_\_set, implement dynamic attribute settings. These methods are automatically called in certain situations, improving code flexibility and efficiency.

See all articles