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PHP自学之路-----走进数组及相关数组函数

Jun 13, 2016 am 10:56 AM
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PHP数组:
     数组时一组关键字和值得集合,值可以是任何一种类型;看下面简单的入门案例:
[php]
 
 
 

 
  数组入门  
   
  
  
      $hens[0]=3; 
    $hens[1]=5; 
    $hens[2]=2.5; 
    $hens[3]=4; 
    $hens[4]=3.5; 
    $hens[5]=17; 
 
    //为了计算数组元素的个数,使用系统函数count;  
    echo "最共有".count($hens)." 只鸡
"; 
    $allwight=0; 
    for($i=0;$i         echo "第".$i."只鸡重量".$hens[$i]."
"; 
        $allwight+=$hens[$i]; 
    } 
 
    echo "最重量为:".$allwight.";平均重量为:".$allwight/count($hens); 
 ?> 
   
  
 



 


  数组入门
 
 
 
      $hens[0]=3;
    $hens[1]=5;
    $hens[2]=2.5;
    $hens[3]=4;
    $hens[4]=3.5;
    $hens[5]=17;

 //为了计算数组元素的个数,使用系统函数count;
    echo "最共有".count($hens)." 只鸡
";
 $allwight=0;
 for($i=0;$i         echo "第".$i."只鸡重量".$hens[$i]."
";
     $allwight+=$hens[$i];
 }

 echo "最重量为:".$allwight.";平均重量为:".$allwight/count($hens);
 ?>
 
 
[plain] view plaincopyprint?
最共有6 只鸡 
第0只鸡重量3 
第1只鸡重量5 
第2只鸡重量2.5 
第3只鸡重量4 
第4只鸡重量3.5 
第5只鸡重量17 
最重量为:35;平均重量为:5.8333333333333 

最共有6 只鸡
第0只鸡重量3
第1只鸡重量5
第2只鸡重量2.5
第3只鸡重量4
第4只鸡重量3.5
第5只鸡重量17
最重量为:35;平均重量为:5.8333333333333创建数组
创建数组的方式很多,上面例子是最普通的一种方式。
在PHP数组中,每一个元素的值可以是任意的类型!
第二种方式:
$arr= array(1,90,"hello",null);
第三种方式创建数组
 $arr["logo"] ="beijing";$arr["hsp"]=124;$arr[4]=678;
等同于下面的:
$arr=array("logo"=>"beijing","hsp"=>123,4=>678);
遍历方式:
 foreach($arr as $key=>$val){
     echo $key."=".$var."
";
}
 第三种方式 指定数组不能用for循环访问,应该用上面的方式遍历。
[php] 
//数组注意事项:  
//我们在创建数组的时候,如果没有给某个元素制定下标,PHP会自动的用目前最大的那个下标值(整数),加上1作为该元素的下标。  
$arr=array(5=>"logo",55,56); 
$arr=array(5=>"logo",6=>55,7=>56); 

  //数组注意事项:
  //我们在创建数组的时候,如果没有给某个元素制定下标,PHP会自动的用目前最大的那个下标值(整数),加上1作为该元素的下标。
  $arr=array(5=>"logo",55,56);
  $arr=array(5=>"logo",6=>55,7=>56);
 
数组的一些应用
[php]
  // 创建一个简单的数组  
    $array = array(1, 2, 3, 4, 5); 
    print_r($array); 
    echo "
"; 
 
// 现在删除其中的所有单元,但保持数组本身的结构  
    foreach ($array as $i => $value) { 
        unset($array[$i]); 
   } 
   print_r($array); 
   echo "
"; 
 
  // 添加一个单元(注意新的键名是 5,而不是你可能以为的 0)  
  $array[] = 6; 
  print_r($array); 
  echo "
"; 
 
// 重新索引:  
$array = array_values($array); 
$array[] = 7; 
print_r($array); 
echo "
"; 
var_dump($array); 
?>   

  // 创建一个简单的数组
    $array = array(1, 2, 3, 4, 5);
    print_r($array);
    echo "
";

// 现在删除其中的所有单元,但保持数组本身的结构
    foreach ($array as $i => $value) {
        unset($array[$i]);
   }
   print_r($array);
   echo "
";

  // 添加一个单元(注意新的键名是 5,而不是你可能以为的 0)
  $array[] = 6;
  print_r($array);
  echo "
";

// 重新索引:
$array = array_values($array);
$array[] = 7;
print_r($array);
echo "
";
var_dump($array);
?>  [plain] 
执行结果: 

执行结果:[plain]
Array ( [0] => 1 [1] => 2 [2] => 3 [3] => 4 [4] => 5 )  
Array ( )  
Array ( [5] => 6 )  
Array ( [0] => 6 [1] => 7 )  
array(2) { [0]=> int(6) [1]=> int(7) } 

Array ( [0] => 1 [1] => 2 [2] => 3 [3] => 4 [4] => 5 )
Array ( )
Array ( [5] => 6 )
Array ( [0] => 6 [1] => 7 )
array(2) { [0]=> int(6) [1]=> int(7) }

PHP相关的常用函数
1、count
    统计数组元素的个数,使用:count($arr);
2、is-array
   判断是否为数组,is_array($arr);
3、print_r 和var_dump(可显示数组元素类型)
    显示数组信息
4、explode(在实际开发中,用途比较大)
   拆分字符串函数。explode(“按照什么拆分”,字符串)
5、foreach
    数组遍历函数:
  [plain] 
 foreach($arr as $key=>$val){ 
 
     echo $key."=".$var."
"; 
 

 foreach($arr as $key=>$val){

     echo $key."=".$var."
";

}6、unset
  unset()删除数组中的某个元素,但是不会重组索引。前面的例子已经说明!
7、array_values
    重新索引,一般和上面的函数配合使用!具体看什么的例子


数组比较
 
[php
$a = array("a" => "apple", "b" => "banana"); 
$b = array("a" => "pear", "b" => "strawberry", "c" => "cherry"); 
 
$c = $a + $b; // Union of $a and $b  
echo "Union of \$a and \$b: \n"; 
var_dump($c); 
 
$c = $b + $a; // Union of $b and $a  
echo "Union of \$b and \$a: \n"; 
var_dump($c); 
?>  

$a = array("a" => "apple", "b" => "banana");
$b = array("a" => "pear", "b" => "strawberry", "c" => "cherry");

$c = $a + $b; // Union of $a and $b
echo "Union of \$a and \$b: \n";
var_dump($c);

$c = $b + $a; // Union of $b and $a
echo "Union of \$b and \$a: \n";
var_dump($c);
?> [plain] 
Union of $a and $b: 
array(3) { 
  ["a"]=> 
  string(5) "apple" 
  ["b"]=> 
  string(6) "banana" 
  ["c"]=> 
  string(6) "cherry" 

Union of $b and $a: 
array(3) { 
  ["a"]=> 
  string(4) "pear" 
  ["b"]=> 
  string(10) "strawberry" 
  ["c"]=> 
  string(6) "cherry" 
}  

Union of $a and $b:
array(3) {
  ["a"]=>
  string(5) "apple"
  ["b"]=>
  string(6) "banana"
  ["c"]=>
  string(6) "cherry"
}
Union of $b and $a:
array(3) {
  ["a"]=>
  string(4) "pear"
  ["b"]=>
  string(10) "strawberry"
  ["c"]=>
  string(6) "cherry"
}
[php] 
比较数组 
 
$a = array("apple", "banana"); 
$b = array(1 => "banana", "0" => "apple"); 
 
var_dump($a == $b); // bool(true)  
var_dump($a === $b); // bool(false)  
?>   

比较数组

$a = array("apple", "banana");
$b = array(1 => "banana", "0" => "apple");

var_dump($a == $b); // bool(true)
var_dump($a === $b); // bool(false)
?> 

[php]
 
 
 

 
  综合案例  
   
  
 
  
 
    //error_reporting(E_ALL^E_NOTICE);  
     $aar=$_REQUEST["grade"]; 
     $arr=explode(",",$aar); 
     $allval=0; 
     foreach($arr as $val){ 
         $allval+=$val; 
     } 
 ?> 
 

请输入学员的成绩,用逗号隔开

 
 
 
    
    
 
 
 
       $aar=$_REQUEST["grade"]; 
     $arr=explode(",",$aar); 
     $allval=0; 
     foreach($arr as $val){ 
         $allval+=$val; 
     } 
 ?> 
       echo "平均值:".round($allval/count($arr),2); 
 ?> 
   
  
 



 


  综合案例
 
 

 

    //error_reporting(E_ALL^E_NOTICE);
     $aar=$_REQUEST["grade"];
     $arr=explode(",",$aar);
  $allval=0;
  foreach($arr as $val){
   $allval+=$val;
  }
 ?>
 

请输入学员的成绩,用逗号隔开


 

  
  
 

       $aar=$_REQUEST["grade"];
     $arr=explode(",",$aar);
  $allval=0;
  foreach($arr as $val){
   $allval+=$val;
  }
 ?>
    echo "平均值:".round($allval/count($arr),2);
 ?>
 
 

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