懂得PHP5中static和const关键字
理解PHP5中static和const关键字
PHP5中加入了很多面向对象的思想,PHP5的面向对象比较接近Java的面向对象思想。我们这里对PHP5中的static和const关键字作用进行一下描述,希望对学习PHP5的朋友有帮助。
(1) static
static关键字在类中是,描述一个成员是静态的,static能够限制外部的访问,因为static后的成员是属于类的,是不属于任何对象实例,其他类是无法访问的,只对类的实例共享,能一定程序对该成员尽心保护。类的静态变量,非常类似全局变量,能够被所有类的实例共享,类的静态方法也是一样的,类似于全局函数。类的静态方法能访问类的静态的属性。另外说明的是,static的成员,必须使用self来访问,使用this会出错。
(关于this和self的异同,请参考:?http://blog.csdn.net/heiyeshuwu/archive/2004/11/03/165828.aspx?)
(2)const
const是一个定义常量的关键字,类似于C中的#define,能够定义一个常量,如果在程序中改变了它的值,那么会出现错误。
举例说明上面的代码
<?phpclass Counter{ private static $count = 0;//定义一个静态属性 const VERSION = 2;//定义一个常量 const ACTIVED = 1;//定义一个常量 //构造函数 function __construct(){ self::$count++; } //析构函数 function __destruct(){ self::$count--; } //定义一个静态的方法 static function getCount(){ return self::$count; } function get_info($code=''){ $info = array( self::VERSION=>'版本', self::ACTIVED=>'激活', ); return isset($info[$code]) ? $info[$code] : $info; }}//创建一个实例$c = new Counter();//执行打印print( Counter::getCount(). "<br>\n" ); //使用直接输入类名来访问静态方法Counter::getCount//打印类的版本print( "Version useed: " .Counter::VERSION. "<br>\n" );?>

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