用PHP制作静态网站的模板框架一
模板能够改善网站的结构。本文阐述如何通过PHP 4的一个新功能和模板类,在由大量静态HTML页面构成的网站中巧妙地运用模板控制页面布局。
提纲:
===================================
分离功能和布局
避免页面元素重复
静态网站的模板框架
===================================
分离功能和布局
首先我们来看看应用模板的两个主要目的:
分离功能(PHP)和布局(HTML)
避免页面元素重复
第一个目的是谈论得最多的目的,它设想的情形是:一组程序员编写用于生成页面内容的PHP脚本,同时另一组设计人员设计HTML和图形以控制页面的最终外观。分离功能和布局的基本思想就是使得这两组人能够各自编写和使用独立的一组文件:程序员只需关心那些只包含PHP代码的文件,无需关心页面的外观;而页面设计人员可以用自己最熟悉的可视化编辑器设计页面布局,无需担心破坏任何嵌入到页面的PHP代码。
如果你曾经看过几个关于PHP模板的教程,那么你应该已经明白模板的工作机制。考虑一个简单的页面局部:页面的上方是页头,左边是导航条,其余部分是内容区域。这种网站可以拥有如下模板文件:
{HEADER}
{LEFTNAV}{CONTENT}
Foo
Bar
可以看出页面如何由这些模板构造而成:main模板控制着整个页面的布局;header模板和leftnav模板控制着页面的公共元素。花括号“{}”里面的标识符是内容占位符。使用模板最主要的好处在于界面设计者能够按照自己的意愿编辑这些文件,比如设置字体、修改颜色和图形,或者完全地改变页面的布局。界面设计者可以用任何普通HTML编辑器或者可视化工具编辑这些页面,因为这些文件都只包含HTML代码,没有任何PHP代码。

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