Is it necessary to do a layering in a Python project?

Layered design of Python projects: a trade-off

During the process of learning Python, you may notice that some projects, such as Django, contain a lot of business logic code in view functions (views). This is similar to the Controller layer in Java, and often raises questions about whether Python projects need to be layered.

This approach is not a common phenomenon, but depends on the complexity of the project. In small projects, it may be more concise and efficient to handle logic directly in view functions. However, for large or complex projects, hierarchical architectures such as MVC (Model-View-Controller) or more detailed hierarchical can significantly improve the maintainability and scalability of the code.

Advantages of hierarchical architecture:

• Improve code readability and maintainability: By dividing the code into different levels (for example, model layer processes data, business logic layer processes business rules, view layer processes user interface), the code structure is clearer and easier to understand and maintain.
• Enhanced code reusability: Each level can be developed and tested independently and can be reused by other projects.
• Simplify the development process: Teamwork is easier, and different members can focus on development at different levels.
• Improve code testability: Unit testing can be performed independently at each level, thereby improving code quality.

Disadvantages of hierarchical architecture:

• Increase code complexity: Introducing additional hierarchies increases the amount of code, which can lead to less development efficiency, especially in small projects.
• Increase learning costs: Team members need to learn and understand new architectural patterns.
• Potential performance overhead: Calls between layers may bring some performance overhead, but are negligible in most cases.

Final decision:

Whether a hierarchical architecture is adopted in a Python project depends on the size and complexity of the project. For small projects, a simple structure may suffice. For large projects, or projects that are expected to expand in the future, a hierarchical structure can bring long-term benefits, although the initial investment will be slightly higher. Weigh the pros and cons and choose the one that best suits your project.

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