How to Tackle a Python Interview

Key points of Python interview

This article is intended to help you prepare for a Python interview, covering project architecture, Pythonic programming style, and frequently asked questions.

1. Python project architecture

• What is Python? Why choose Python? Python is a high-level, object-oriented, interpreted programming language known for its readability and versatility. It is widely used in automation, web development (Django, Flask), data science and artificial intelligence. It should be noted that Python's name does not originate from snakes, but British comedy group Monty Python's Flying Circus.

• Limitations of Python Python executes slower than compiled languages ​​(such as C) and does not natively support mobile development. However, performance can be improved by integrating with compiled languages ​​such as C.

• Package selection: Django vs Flask Django and Flask are both popular Python web frameworks, but their design concepts are different. Django provides full-function features (database support, management functions, security features), suitable for large-scale and data-intensive applications. Flask is lighter and flexible, giving developers more control, and is suitable for small projects or scenarios with high customization requirements.

2. Pythonic programming style

• Loop: zip and enumerate zip function is used to iterate multiple iterable objects and return the corresponding element of each object at once; enumerate function returns the index of the element and the Values ​​make the code more concise and efficient.

• Single-line list operation Python supports concise list operations using list comprehension, including the functions of the map function, and more complex element processing combined with conditional statements (if...else).

• pdb debugger Python's built-in pdb debugger can be easily debugged and checked variables and function status through import pdb; pdb.set_trace().

• Data Structure It is crucial to master Python's built-in data structures (lists, tuples, collections, dictionaries) and their application scenarios.

3. Common interview questions

• Popular reasons for Python Concise syntax, rich libraries and a wide range of application areas are the main reasons for Python's popularity.

• GIL (Global Interpreter Lock) GIL in CPython limits the performance of multithreaded programs, especially in CPU-intensive tasks.

• The difference between Python 2 and Python 3 Python 3 is the latest version, with improvements in syntax, Unicode support and compatibility, and Python 2 is no longer maintained.

• Python's memory management Python uses garbage collection mechanism to automatically manage memory, including reference counting and other technologies.

• Difference between lists and tuples Lists are mutable, and tuples are immutable. Which data structure to choose depends on whether the element needs to be modified.

• Exception handling Python uses try...except...finally blocks to perform exception handling. Interviewers should be familiar with common built-in exception types and their handling methods.

Preparation suggestions

In addition to mastering the above knowledge points, it is recommended to practice more code writing, be familiar with the use of various Python libraries and frameworks, and learn about the latest Python development trends. I wish you a smooth interview!

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