How to Use the TRANSLATE and DETECTLANGUAGE Functions in Excel

Microsoft Excel can now translate! With the help of Microsoft Translation Service, Excel can implement language translation (TRANSLATE function) and identify existing languages ​​in the workbook (DETECTLANGUAGE function).

These translation features (added in December 2024) are limited to users who use Microsoft 365 subscriptions, web versions of Excel or Excel mobile applications that use Excel Windows or Mac desktop applications.

Function syntax

Before showing the practical application examples of each function, let's first understand their syntax.

TRANSLATE function

TRANSLATE function contains three parameters:

<code>=TRANSLATE(a,b,c)</code>

Of:

• a (required) is the text to be translated (enclosed in double quotes), or a reference to the cell containing the text to be translated.
• b (optional) is the source language code enclosed in double quotes (see the "Language Code" section below). If this parameter is omitted, Excel attempts to automatically detect the language. While this parameter is optional, if you know the language and its code, it is better to include it to ensure that the translation is accurate.
• c (optional) is the target language enclosed in double quotes. If this parameter is skipped, Excel will use your system language as the target language. However, again, for better translation results, try adding the target language code.

If you do not enclose the language code in double quotes, Excel will return a #NAME? error.

DETECTLANGUAGE function

This function is more direct, only one parameter is required:

<code>=DETECTLANGUAGE(x)</code>

Of:

• x is the text to be detected (enclosed in double quotes), or a reference to the cell containing the text to be detected.

Language Code

The following are some language codes from the longer list of language codes provided by Microsoft. Remember that all language codes in formulas must be enclosed in double quotes.

代码	语言
"en"	英语
"es"	西班牙语
"fr"	法语
"de"	德语
"zh-chs"	普通话（简体）
"ru"	俄语
"ar"	阿拉伯语

TRANSLATE function example

Let's understand the TRANSLATE function with two practical examples. The first example is a basic translation of multiple cells in Excel, and the second example demonstrates how to use the TRANSLATE function dynamically using the drop-down list.

Example 1: Translate text in a cell

Suppose you have a vehicle fee form where you want to translate the title, total part and header of the form from English to Spanish.

Enter:

In cell C2

<code>=TRANSLATE(a,b,c)</code>

and press Enter.

Now, use the format brush tool to apply the format of English titles to Spanish titles. You can also use red fonts to distinguish between the two languages.

Now you can translate the next part of the form. First, select cell C1, and then select and copy the formula in the (Ctrl C) formula bar.

Now, select cell B3, paste the copied formula (Ctrl V) into the formula bar, change the first parameter to reference cell A3, and press Enter.

Now, use the fill handle to apply the same relative formula to cells B4 to B6.

To complete this part, copy and paste the formula into cell E3 and use the fill handle again.

Since some Spanish translations contain more characters than their English counterparts, please adjust the font size (or, if you prefer, adjust the column width) so that they fit well with their respective cells. Remember to change the font color to red as well for consistency.

Finally, follow the same steps to translate your header.

Example 2: Select the translation language from the drop-down list

This survey contains some questions that the respondents need to fill in. Your goal is to create a language drop-down list so that respondents can choose the language they want to see.

The first step is to create a list of available languages. Suppose you want to provide Spanish, French and Arabic as options. Open Sheet 2 using the tab at the bottom of the Excel window. Then, enter these languages ​​into different rows in column A and enter their corresponding code into column B.

Because you will refer to cells containing these language codes instead of entering them directly into the formula, you don't need to enclose them in double quotes.

Now, enter:

in cell C1

<code>=TRANSLATE(a,b,c)</code>

Press Enter and use the fill handle to fill the remaining rows.

It's time to create a dropdown list in Sheet 1. Select the cell that will be placed on the drop-down list, click the Data Verification drop-down icon in the Data tab, and select Data Verification.

Select List in the Allow field and then place the cursor in the Source field, select the three cells that contain the translation of the selected language (cells C1 to C3 in Sheet 2).

When you click OK, you will see a drop-down list appearing at the top of the survey, and when you click on it, Spanish, French, and Arabic words for their respective languages ​​will be displayed.

To prepare your spreadsheet for the last step, select one of the languages ​​in this list.

Now you can translate your question into the language you selected. Enter (or copy and paste) the following formula in cell B3:

<code>=DETECTLANGUAGE(x)</code>

Of:

• A3 is the cell containing the text to be translated (investigating the question),
• "en"is the source language of the text,
• The third parameter is an XLOOKUP formula that takes the selected language, looks for the language in the table in Sheet 2, and then returns the language code.

Note that in the third parameter, I used the dollar sign ($) to lock their positions in each referenced position. If you don't do this, when you apply the formula to other cells, the formula will work relative to each other, meaning it won't work as you want it to.

When pressing Enter, the first question will be translated into the language you selected from the drop-down list. Then, use the fill handle to apply the formula to the rest of the questions in the investigation.

Slightly reduce the font size in cells B3 to B7 to consider that some translations may contain more characters than English questions.

Lastly, change the language in the drop-down menu to see if the translation will magically change accordingly!

DETECTLANGUAGE function example

If your spreadsheet contains data in multiple languages, you may find it useful to use Excel's DETECTLANGUAGE function.

Suppose you receive this spreadsheet where cells A1 to A3 contain three non-English sentences that you want Excel to recognize in their language.

Enter:

In cell B1

<code>=TRANSLATE(a,b,c)</code>

and press Enter. Then, use the fill handle to copy this formula to cells B2 and B3.

Column

B now contains the language code for each sentence. If you are not sure what these codes represent, you can view the full list on Microsoft's Translation Language Support page.

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In addition to translating in Excel, you can also translate text in Microsoft Word documents. To translate a part of the file, select the relevant text and click Review > Translate > Translate Selected. This opens the Translation pane where you can select the target language. Alternatively, to open a translated copy of the entire document, click Review >Translation>Translation Document.

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