Why Doesn't My PDO INSERT INTO Prepared Statement Work?

Using PDO Prepared Statements with MySQL INSERT INTO Queries

PHP Data Objects (PDO) offers prepared statements for secure MySQL interaction, but constructing INSERT INTO queries can be challenging. Let's address a common issue and its solution.

Consider this code:

$statement = $link->prepare("INSERT INTO testtable(name, lastname, age) VALUES('Bob','Desaunois','18')");
$statement->execute();

This seemingly correct code often fails to populate the database. Why?

The Missing Link: Parameter Binding

The key is parameter binding. This prevents SQL injection vulnerabilities and improves code maintainability. Instead of directly embedding values, PDO uses placeholders:

1. Named Parameters: Use placeholders like :name in the SQL and provide values in an associative array to execute().
2. Positional Parameters: Use ? as placeholders and supply values in a numerically indexed array to execute().

Corrected Code with Parameter Binding

Here's the corrected code using named parameters:

$statement = $link->prepare("INSERT INTO testtable(name, lastname, age) VALUES (:name, :lastname, :age)");
$statement->execute([
    'name' => 'Bob',
    'lastname' => 'Desaunois',
    'age' => '18',
]);

And here's the equivalent using positional parameters:

$statement = $link->prepare("INSERT INTO testtable(name, lastname, age) VALUES (?, ?, ?)");
$statement->execute(['Bob', 'Desaunois', '18']);

Advantages of Parameter Binding

Parameter binding enhances database security and makes your code more efficient and readable. It's essential for robust PDO usage. Mastering this technique is crucial for secure and effective PHP database programming.

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