How to Handle `requests.exceptions.SSLError` in Python: A Guide to Secure HTTPS Connections?

Python Requests Encountering 'SSLError': A Comprehensive Guide

In Python programming, the Requests library is commonly used for sending HTTP requests. However, when utilizing it with HTTPS, one might encounter the following error:

requests.exceptions.SSLError: [Errno 1] _ssl.c:503: error:14090086:SSL routines:SSL3_GET_SERVER_CERTIFICATE:certificate verify failed

This issue arises due to an untrusted SSL certificate. While disabling certificate verification using verify=False is a quick fix, it poses security risks such as man-in-the-middle attacks.

For secure applications, setting the verify parameter to the path of a trusted certificate authority (CA) file is recommended. Since version 2.0, Requests supports the following values for verify:

• True: Validates the certificate against Requests' built-in trusted CA bundle.
• False: Completely bypasses certificate validation.
• Path: Specifies a custom CA bundle file for certificate validation.

Additionally, consider using the cert parameter to specify the path to a client-side SSL certificate. By configuring these parameters appropriately, Python Requests can effectively manage SSL certificate verification and ensure secure HTTPS connections.

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