MySQL INSERT Performance: Single Multi-Row vs. Multiple Single-Row Inserts?

Multiple INSERTs vs. Single Multi-Row INSERT: Performance Comparison

Inserting data into a MySQL database requires understanding the performance implications of using multiple single INSERTs versus a single multi-row INSERT.

Factors Affecting Insertion Performance

The time required for inserting a row is influenced by several factors:

• Connection Establishment: Establishing a connection between the client and the server.
• Query Transmission: Sending the query to the server.
• Query Parsing: Analyzing the query's syntax.
• Row Insertion: Writing the data into the database.
• Index Insertion: Creating any necessary indexes for the inserted data.
• Connection Closure: Releasing the connection.

Performance Comparison

Analyzing these factors reveals that performing multiple single-row INSERT statements incurs an overhead of 7 for each statement (excluding the row insertion time). This includes connection establishment, query transmission, and parsing.

On the other hand, using a single multi-row INSERT statement consolidates these overhead operations. As indicated in the MySQL documentation:

"If you are inserting many rows from the same client at the same time, use INSERT statements with multiple VALUES lists to insert several rows at a time. This is considerably faster (many times faster in some cases) than using separate single-row INSERT statements."

Conclusion

Based on these performance considerations, using a single multi-row INSERT statement for inserting multiple rows is significantly faster than chaining multiple single INSERT statements. By eliminating the overhead associated with repeated connection establishment, query transmission, and parsing, multi-row INSERTs optimize the data insertion process.

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