How Can I Efficiently Convert Integers to Strings in Any Base in Python?

Converting Integers to Strings in Any Base

In Python, the int() function effortlessly creates an integer from a string with a specified base. However, the inverse operation of converting an integer to a string can be tricky. We aim to develop a general solution, int2base(num, base), that fulfills the condition:

int(int2base(x, b), b) == x

Here's a surprisingly simple solution that handles arbitrary bases:

def numberToBase(n, b):
    if n == 0:
        return [0]
    digits = []
    while n:
        digits.append(int(n % b))
        n //= b
    return digits[::-1]

This function converts a number n to base b and returns a list of digits. To convert a large number to base 577, for instance:

numberToBase(67854 ** 15 - 102, 577)

It will give you the correct result as a list:

[4, 473, 131, 96, 431, 285, 524, 486, 28, 23, 16, 82, 292, 538, 149, 25, 41, 483, 100, 517, 131, 28, 0, 435, 197, 264, 455]

Why This Solution Works

The provided solution demonstrates that sometimes, custom functions are necessary when built-in functions lack desired functionality. Here, int2base() overcomes limitations by:

• Handling arbitrary bases from 2 to infinity.
• Returning a list of digits rather than a string, as no built-in function exists for direct base conversion to any arbitrary base.

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