How to Access Static Files Embedded in Python Packages?

Retrieving Static Files Within Python Packages

Issue:

How to retrieve a file packaged within a Python package, given that it is not accessible via the standard file path methods?

Package Structure:

Consider a package structure where templates are stored in a nested "templates" folder:

<package>
  |-- <module>
  |-- templates
        |-- temp_file

Solution:

There are several methods to retrieve the file:

1. Using importlib.resources (Python 3.7 ):

from importlib import resources as impresources

resource_package = __name__
resource_path = "templates/temp_file"

try:
    inp_file = impresources.files(resource_package) / resource_path
    with inp_file.open("rb") as f:
        template = f.read()
except AttributeError:
    # Python < 3.9
    template = impresources.read_text(resource_package, resource_path)

2. Using pkg_resources (setuptools):

import pkg_resources

resource_package = __name__
resource_path = "/".join(("templates", "temp_file"))

template = pkg_resources.resource_string(resource_package, resource_path)

Details:

• importlib.resources is the preferred method as it is more efficient and intuitive.
• setuptools should not be used in run-time requirements anymore.
• Remember to include static files in your setup.py or MANIFEST.

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