How to Efficiently Get a List of Subdirectories in Python?

Obtaining a Directory List using Python

When working with directory structures, it's often necessary to access a list of subdirectories. In Python, this task can be accomplished with the help of specific modules and functions.

Using os.walk for Comprehensive Subdirectory Retrieval

The os.walk function provides a recursive way to traverse a directory tree, yielding a 3-tuple for each subdirectory: directory name, a list of child directories, and a list of files in the subdirectory. To retrieve a list of all subdirectories, both immediate and nested, one can use a list comprehension:

[x[0] for x in os.walk(directory)]

Immediate Subdirectory Retrieval with os.listdir and os.path.isdir

Alternatively, to limit the retrieval to immediate subdirectories, the os.listdir and os.path.isdir functions can be employed. os.listdir returns a list of all files and directories in the current working directory. By filtering this list using os.path.isdir, which checks whether an item is a directory, you can obtain the immediate subdirectories:

next(os.walk('.'))[1]

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