浅谈PHP语法(2)
前文谈的只是PHP的数据类型,所谓“磨刀不误砍柴功”,打好PHP基础才能更好地学好PHP编程。
PHP中的表达式与运算符与C语言的差别不大,现将其列表于下:
┌─────┬─────────┬──────────┐
│ 符 号 │ 运算符 │ 范 例 │
├─────┼─────────┼──────────┤
│ + │ 加法 │ $a+$b │
├─────┼─────────┼──────────┤
│ - │ 减法 │ $a-$b │
├─────┼─────────┼──────────┤
│ * │ 乘法 │ $a*$b │
├─────┼─────────┼──────────┤
│ / │ 除法 │ $a/$b │
├─────┼─────────┼──────────┤
│ % │ 取余数 │ $a%$b │
├─────┼─────────┼──────────┤
│ ++ │ 递增 │ $a++或++$a │
├─────┼─────────┼──────────┤
│ -- │ 递减 │ $a--或--$a │
├─────┼─────────┼──────────┤
│ == │ 等于 │ $a==10 │
├─────┼─────────┼──────────┤
│ === │ 绝等于 │ $a===10 │
├─────┼─────────┼──────────┤
│ != │ 不等于 │ $a!=10 │
├─────┼─────────┼──────────┤
│ ├─────┼─────────┼──────────┤
│ > │ 大于 │ $a>8 │
├─────┼─────────┼──────────┤
│ ├─────┼─────────┼──────────┤
│ >= │ 大于等于 │ $a>=1 │
├─────┼─────────┼──────────┤
│ = │ 相等赋值运算符 │ $a=0 │
├─────┼─────────┼──────────┤
│ += │ 加法指定运算符 │ $a+=5 │
├─────┼─────────┼──────────┤
│ -= │ 减法指定运算符 │ $a-=1 │
├─────┼─────────┼──────────┤
│ *= │ 乘法指定运算符 │ $a*=2 │
├─────┼─────────┼──────────┤
│ /= │ 除法指定运算符 │ $a/=5 │
├─────┼─────────┼──────────┤
│ %= │ 余数指定运算符 │ $a%=7 │
├─────┼─────────┼──────────┤
│ .= │ 字符串指定运算符│ $a.="hello" │
├─────┼─────────┼──────────┤
│ & │ 与 │ $a&$b │
├─────┼─────────┼──────────┤
│ | │ 或 │ $a|$b │
├─────┼─────────┼──────────┤
│ ^ │ Xor │ $a^$b │
├─────┼─────────┼──────────┤
│ ~ │ 非 │~$a(取1的补码 )│
├─────┼─────────┼──────────┤
│ ├─────┼─────────┼──────────┤
│ >> │ 向右移位 │ $a>>$b │
├─────┼─────────┼──────────┤
│and或&& │ 与 │$a and $b或$a&&$b │
├─────┼─────────┼──────────┤
│or或|| │ 或 │$a or $b或$a||$b │
├─────┼─────────┼──────────┤
│xor │ Xor │ $a xor $b │
├─────┼─────────┼──────────┤
│ ! │ 非 │ !$a │
└─────┴─────────┴──────────┘
┌───┬────────────┐
│符号 │ 意义说明 │
├───┼────────────┤
│ $ │变量 │
├───┼────────────┤
│ & │变量的指针(加在变量前)│
├───┼────────────┤
│-> │对象的方法或属性 │
├───┼────────────┤
│=> │数组的元素值 │
├───┼────────────┤
│? : │三元运算符 │
└───┴────────────┘
同C语言的比较一下吧。其中只是多了个“.”这一个运算符。它的作用是使两个字符串相连,如下例,显示结果为hello,my baby.
$a="hello,";
$b="my baby.";
echo $a.$b;
?>
还有一个符号也使PHP的功能强大了。这就是“$”。它是用于变量之前的,表示这是个变量,如$A,$b等。那它的作用又强在哪呢?这崐就是变量的变量。
如下例:
$a="go";
$$a="here";
echo $a;
echo $$a;
echo $go;
?>
显示结果为:
go
here
here
其实,在一个变量前加一个“$”,就是把这个变量的内容作为了一个新的变量名。这是PHP所特有的,有时可使程序简单化。

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