Optimizing C++ server architecture to improve throughput

Optimize C++ server throughput strategy: Thread pool: Create a thread pool in advance to respond to requests quickly. Non-blocking I/O: Perform other tasks while waiting for I/O to improve throughput. HTTP/2: Uses a binary protocol, supports multiplexing and content compression, and improves performance.

Optimizing C++ Server Architecture for Increased Throughput

In modern applications, server throughput is critical. In this article, we'll explore some strategies for optimizing throughput in C++ server applications and provide concrete practical examples.

Thread Pool

Thread pool is a common strategy in asynchronous server design to improve throughput. By pre-creating threads and storing them in a pool, the server can quickly respond to incoming requests without waiting for thread creation.

Practical case:

// 创建线程池
std::shared_ptr<ThreadPool> pool = std::make_shared<ThreadPool>(4);

// 处理请求的函数
void handleRequest(std::shared_ptr<Request> request) {
  // ...
}

// 主线程循环
while (true) {
  auto request = server.accept();
  if (request) {
    pool->submit(std::bind(handleRequest, request));
  }
}

Non-blocking I/O

Non-blocking I/O allows the server to perform other operations while waiting for the I/O operation to complete. Task. This can significantly improve throughput under high concurrency conditions.

Practical case:

// 创建非阻塞套接字
int sock = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM | SOCK_NONBLOCK, 0);

// 监听套接字
int ret = bind(sock, (sockaddr*)&addr, sizeof(addr));
if (ret < 0) {
  // 处理错误
}

ret = listen(sock, 10);
if (ret < 0) {
  // 处理错误
}

// 主线程循环
while (true) {
  struct pollfd pollfds[1];
  pollfds[0].fd = sock;
  pollfds[0].events = POLLIN;

  int ret = poll(pollfds, 1, -1);
  if (ret < 0) {
    // 处理错误
  } else if (pollfds[0].revents & POLLIN) {
    // 接受新连接
  }
}

HTTP/2

HTTP/2 is a binary protocol, compared with HTTP/1.1, it has more Good throughput. It allows for multiplexing, server push, and content compression to improve performance.

Practical case:

// 使用 OpenSSL 创建安全的 HTTP/2 服务器
SSL_CTX *ctx = SSL_CTX_new(TLS_server_method());

// 监听套接字
int sock = listen(ctx, sockfd, 10);

// 主线程循环
while (true) {
  struct pollfd pollfds[1];
  pollfds[0].fd = sock;
  pollfds[0].events = POLLIN;

  int ret = poll(pollfds, 1, -1);
  if (ret < 0) {
    // 处理错误
  } else if (pollfds[0].revents & POLLIN) {
    // 接受新连接
    SSL *ssl = SSL_new(ctx);
    SSL_set_fd(ssl, sockfd);
  }
}

Conclusion

By implementing these strategies, you can significantly improve the throughput of your C++ server application. The specific implementation depends on the specific requirements and limitations of the application.

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