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使用discuz的加密函数authcode来防刷票

Jun 13, 2016 am 09:39 AM
discuz encrypt and decode

最近做了一个投票,需要做防刷票措施。但是刷票很难防止,毕竟手段也多。为了最大程度上阻止刷票行为,就用了这么一个方法。

首先在前台页面定义一个字符串'www.bkjia.com',然后使用discuz的 authcode 函数,生成一串密文。这串密文每次都不一样,比如会生成

  • 10884NwIMCg5nDZ24rarNv+nBpsWut6ReT1grxHH4oKSdvgPmXJ0z2jEuePCe
  • a8b4XU3yBHEec48KirVf0N3VAXKIQHm1qvwvpCYUu6ywwQJLR0ErlI1zwfG7tQ

但是在后台经过解码,回复的明文最后都会变回'www.bkjia.com',利用这点,我们可以在服务器端判断,若返回的密文解码后不是那个字符串,则无法投票。

discuz的 authcode 函数可以说对中国的PHP界作出了重大贡献。包括康盛自己的产品,以及大部分中国使用PHP的公司都用这个函数进行加密,authcode 是使用异或运算进行加密和解密。

原理如下,假如:

加密

  • 明文:1010 1001
  • 密匙:1110 0011
  • 密文:0100 1010

得出密文0100 1010,解密之需和密匙异或下就可以了

解密

  • 密文:0100 1010
  • 密匙:1110 0011
  • 明文:1010 1001

并没有什么高深的算法,密匙重要性很高,所以,关键在于怎么生成密匙。那我们一起看下康盛的authcode怎么做的吧:

<?php
// 参数解释
// $string: 明文 或 密文
// $operation:DECODE表示解密,其它表示加密
// $key: 密匙
// $expiry:密文有效期
function authcode($string, $operation = 'DECODE', $key = '', $expiry = 0) {
    // 动态密匙长度,相同的明文会生成不同密文就是依靠动态密匙
    // 加入随机密钥,可以令密文无任何规律,即便是原文和密钥完全相同,加密结果也会每次不同,增大破解难度。
    // 取值越大,密文变动规律越大,密文变化 = 16 的 $ckey_length 次方
    // 当此值为 0 时,则不产生随机密钥
    $ckey_length = 4;
 
    // 密匙
    $key = md5($key ? $key : $GLOBALS['discuz_auth_key']);
 
    // 密匙a会参与加解密
    $keya = md5(substr($key, 0, 16));
    // 密匙b会用来做数据完整性验证
    $keyb = md5(substr($key, 16, 16));
    // 密匙c用于变化生成的密文
    $keyc = $ckey_length ? ($operation == 'DECODE' ? substr($string, 0, $ckey_length): substr(md5(microtime()), -$ckey_length)) : '';
    // 参与运算的密匙
    $cryptkey = $keya.md5($keya.$keyc);
    $key_length = strlen($cryptkey);
    // 明文,前10位用来保存时间戳,解密时验证数据有效性,10到26位用来保存$keyb(密匙b),解密时会通过这个密匙验证数据完整性
    // 如果是解码的话,会从第$ckey_length位开始,因为密文前$ckey_length位保存 动态密匙,以保证解密正确
    $string = $operation == 'DECODE' ? base64_decode(substr($string, $ckey_length)) : sprintf('0d', $expiry ? $expiry + time() : 0).substr(md5($string.$keyb), 0, 16).$string;
    $string_length = strlen($string);
    $result = '';
    $box = range(0, 255);
    $rndkey = array();
    // 产生密匙簿
    for($i = 0; $i <= 255; $i++) {
        $rndkey[$i] = ord($cryptkey[$i % $key_length]);
    }
    // 用固定的算法,打乱密匙簿,增加随机性,好像很复杂,实际上并不会增加密文的强度
    for($j = $i = 0; $i < 256; $i++) {
        $j = ($j + $box[$i] + $rndkey[$i]) % 256;
        $tmp = $box[$i];
        $box[$i] = $box[$j];
        $box[$j] = $tmp;
    }
    // 核心加解密部分
    for($a = $j = $i = 0; $i < $string_length; $i++) {
        $a = ($a + 1) % 256;
        $j = ($j + $box[$a]) % 256;
        $tmp = $box[$a];
        $box[$a] = $box[$j];
        $box[$j] = $tmp;
        // 从密匙簿得出密匙进行异或,再转成字符
        $result .= chr(ord($string[$i]) ^ ($box[($box[$a] + $box[$j]) % 256]));
    }
    if($operation == 'DECODE') {
        // substr($result, 0, 10) == 0 验证数据有效性
        // substr($result, 0, 10) - time() > 0 验证数据有效性
        // substr($result, 10, 16) == substr(md5(substr($result, 26).$keyb), 0, 16) 验证数据完整性
        // 验证数据有效性,请看未加密明文的格式
        if((substr($result, 0, 10) == 0 || substr($result, 0, 10) - time() > 0) && substr($result, 10, 16) == substr(md5(substr($result, 26).$keyb), 0, 16)) {
            return substr($result, 26);
        } else {
            return '';
        }
    } else {
        // 把动态密匙保存在密文里,这也是为什么同样的明文,生产不同密文后能解密的原因
        // 因为加密后的密文可能是一些特殊字符,复制过程可能会丢失,所以用base64编码
        return $keyc.str_replace('=', '', base64_encode($result));
    }
}

// 加密
echo authcode("www.bkjia.com", 'ENCODE');
// 解密
echo authcode(authcode("www.bkjia.com", 'ENCODE'));
//echo authcode("55e5OxJ5zjgFuqTjFRPdt9ag+fC+GKP9Efq6yWeAAvdQFq+D");
?>
Copy after login
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