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ThinkPHP之getField详解

Jun 13, 2016 am 09:30 AM
thinkphp

getField方法是ThinkPHP中用来获取字段值的方法,区别于select和find方法,通常仅用于获取个别字段的值。但是事实上并没有那么简单,现将该方法的用法总结如下:

1.获取某个字段值

这个是getField方法最基本的用法,用于获取符合条件的某个字段值。

$User = M("User"); // 实例化User对象
 // 获取ID为3的用户的昵称 
$nickname = $User->where('id=3')->getField('nickname');

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返回的nickname是一个字符串结果。也就是说,即使有满足条件的多个字段,也只会返回一个结果。

2.获取某个字段列

如果希望返回符合要求的字段列(多个结果),可以使用:

$User = M("User"); // 实例化User对象
 // 获取status为1的用户的昵称列表
$nickname = $User->where('status=1')->getField('nickname',true);

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第二个参数传入了true,返回的nickname则是一个数组,包含了所有满足条件的昵称列表。

如果需要限制返回结果数量,可以使用:

$nickname = $User->where('status=1')->getField('nickname',8);

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或者

$nickname = $User->where('status=1')->limit(8)->getField('nickname',true);

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3.获取2个字段列表

如果希望获取满足条件的id和昵称列表,则可以使用:

$User = M("User"); // 实例化User对象
 // 获取status为1的用户的昵称列表
$nickname = $User->where('status=1')->getField('id,nickname');

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如果getField方法传入多个字段名称的话,默认返回一个关联数组,以第一个字段的值为索引(所以第一个字段要尽量选择不会重复的)。
也可以限制返回数量,例如:

$nickname = $User->where('status=1')->getField('id,nickname',8);

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或者

$nickname = $User->where('status=1')->limit(8)->getField('id,nickname');

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4.获取多个字段列表

如果传入了2个以上的字段名,则返回一个二维数组(类似select方法的返回值,区别在于索引是二维数组的键名是第一个字段的值),例如:

$result = $User->where('status=1')->getField('id,account,nickname');

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如果不希望返回二维数组,可以使用连接符,例如:

$result = $User->where('status=1')->getField('id,account,nickname',':');

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那么返回的结果则是一个索引数组,键名是id值,键值则是account:nickname连接组成的字符串。

getField方法通常还可以配合连贯操作where、limit、order等一起使用。还有一些高级的用法,包括对join表的支持和sql方法的支持等。

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