PHP使用数组依次替换字符串中匹配项，php数组替换字符串
PHP使用数组依次替换字符串中匹配项，php数组替换字符串
先来看个sql语句：
select * from table where ctime >= '[date-14]' and ctime <= '[date-1]';
想把上面这句sql的中括号表示的日期依次换成下面的数组中的元素array('2015-07-01','2015-07-15');
用正则匹配:找到第一个中括号部分,用第一个元素替换,然后找第二个,再替换
用sprintf函数：因为日期已经计算好,按照顺序替换就可以了.
因为markdown写正则比较麻烦,这里就直接上图片了
ps:设想一下,如sql中只有一个需要替换的时间条件,就需要修改成
$sql = sprintf($sql,$arr[0])
说白了呢就是如果sprintf函数支持第二个参数是数组就太好了。查了一番之后确实可以有解决办法：
call_user_func_array() 官方的解释是:
call_user_func_array — 调用回调函数，并把一个数组参数作为回调函数的参数
mixed call_user_func_array ( callable $callback , array $param_arr )
把第一个参数作为回调函数（callback）调用，把参数数组作（param_arr）为回调函数的的参数传入。
也就是说:第一个参数是你想要使用的函数名(上文中的sprintf),第二个参数是将要使用函数的参数,只不过参数是以数组形式传给了call_user_func_arrayok,这样的话就可以实现动态的替换了
$param = $arr;
array_unshift($param,$sql);
$sql = call_user_func_array('sprintf',$param);接下来介绍str_replace — 子字符串替换，数组替换
说明
mixed str_replace ( mixed $search , mixed $replace , mixed $subject [, int &$count ] )
该函数返回一个字符串或者数组。该字符串或数组是将 subject 中全部的 search 都被 replace 替换之后的结果。
如果有一些特殊的替换需求（比如正则表达式），你应该使用该函数替换 ereg_replace() 和 preg_replace()。
参数
如果 search 和 replace 为数组，那么 str_replace() 将对 subject 做二者的映射替换。如果 replace 的值的个数少于 search 的个数，多余的替换将使用空字符串来进行。如果 search 是一个数组而 replace 是一个字符串，那么 search 中每个元素的替换将始终使用这个字符串。该转换不会改变大小写。
如果 search 和 replace 都是数组，它们的值将会被依次处理。
search
查找的目标值，也就是 needle。一个数组可以指定多个目标。
replace
search 的替换值。一个数组可以被用来指定多重替换。
subject
执行替换的数组或者字符串。也就是 haystack。
如果 subject 是一个数组，替换操作将遍历整个 subject，返回值也将是一个数组。
count
Note: 如果被指定，它将控制匹配和替换的次数。
返回值
该函数返回替换后的数组或者字符串。
版本 说明
5.0.0 新增 count 参数。
4.3.3 函数行为改变。旧的版本中存在一个 BUG —— 当 search 和 replace 两个参数都是数组的时候，将导致空的 search 索引被跳过，但是却没有同时前移 replace 内部指针。该错误发生在 PHP
4.3.3，任何依赖于此 BUG 的脚本应该先除去空的查找值，从而模拟原始的行为。
4.0.5 大多数参数都可以为数组。
范例
Example #1 str_replace() 基本范例
<?php
// 赋值: <body text='black'>
$bodytag = str_replace("%body%", "black", "<body text='%body%'>");
// 赋值: Hll Wrld f PHP
$vowels = array("a", "e", "i", "o", "u", "A", "E", "I", "O", "U");
$onlyconsonants = str_replace($vowels, "", "Hello World of PHP");
// 赋值: You should eat pizza, beer, and ice cream every day
$phrase = "You should eat fruits, vegetables, and fiber every day.";
$healthy = array("fruits", "vegetables", "fiber");
$yummy = array("pizza", "beer", "ice cream");
$newphrase = str_replace($healthy, $yummy, $phrase);
// 赋值: 2
$str = str_replace("ll", "", "good golly miss molly!", $count);
echo $count;
?>Example #2 可能的 str_replace() 替换范例
<?php
// 替换顺序
$str = "Line 1\nLine 2\rLine 3\r\nLine 4\n";
$order = array("\r\n", "\n", "\r");
$replace = '<br />';
// 首先替换 \r\n 字符，因此它们不会被两次转换
$newstr = str_replace($order, $replace, $str);
// 输出 F ，因为 A 被 B 替换，B 又被 C 替换，以此类推...
// 由于从左到右依次替换，最终 E 被 F 替换
$search = array('A', 'B', 'C', 'D', 'E');
$replace = array('B', 'C', 'D', 'E', 'F');
$subject = 'A';
echo str_replace($search, $replace, $subject);
// 输出: apearpearle pear
// 由于上面提到的原因
$letters = array('a', 'p');
$fruit = array('apple', 'pear');
$text = 'a p';
$output = str_replace($letters, $fruit, $text);
echo $output;
?>注释
Note: 此函数可安全用于二进制对象。
Caution
了解替换顺序
由于 str_replace() 的替换时从左到右依次进行的，进行多重替换的时候可能会替换掉之前插入的值。参见该文档的范例。
Note:
该函数区分大小写。使用 str_ireplace() 可以进行不区分大小写的替换。
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