Home Backend Development Python Tutorial Python字符串格式化

Python字符串格式化

Jun 10, 2016 pm 03:10 PM
python String formatting

在许多编程语言中都包含有格式化字符串的功能,比如C和Fortran语言中的格式化输入输出。Python中内置有对字符串进行格式化的操作%。

模板

格式化字符串时,Python使用一个字符串作为模板。模板中有格式符,这些格式符为真实值预留位置,并说明真实数值应该呈现的格式。Python用一个tuple将多个值传递给模板,每个值对应一个格式符。

比如下面的例子:

复制代码 代码如下:

print("I'm %s. I'm %d year old" % ('Vamei', 99))

上面的例子中,

"I'm %s. I'm %d year old" 为我们的模板。%s为第一个格式符,表示一个字符串。%d为第二个格式符,表示一个整数。('Vamei', 99)的两个元素'Vamei'和99为替换%s和%d的真实值。
在模板和tuple之间,有一个%号分隔,它代表了格式化操作。

整个"I'm %s. I'm %d year old" % ('Vamei', 99) 实际上构成一个字符串表达式。我们可以像一个正常的字符串那样,将它赋值给某个变量。比如:

复制代码 代码如下:

a = "I'm %s. I'm %d year old" % ('Vamei', 99)
print(a)

我们还可以用词典来传递真实值。如下:

复制代码 代码如下:

print("I'm %(name)s. I'm %(age)d year old" % {'name':'Vamei', 'age':99})

可以看到,我们对两个格式符进行了命名。命名使用()括起来。每个命名对应词典的一个key。

格式符

格式符为真实值预留位置,并控制显示的格式。格式符可以包含有一个类型码,用以控制显示的类型,如下:

%s    字符串 (采用str()的显示)

%r    字符串 (采用repr()的显示)

%c    单个字符

%b    二进制整数

%d    十进制整数

%i    十进制整数

%o    八进制整数

%x    十六进制整数

%e    指数 (基底写为e)

%E    指数 (基底写为E)

%f    浮点数

%F    浮点数,与上相同

%g    指数(e)或浮点数 (根据显示长度)

%G    指数(E)或浮点数 (根据显示长度)

%%    字符"%"

可以用如下的方式,对格式进行进一步的控制:

%[(name)][flags][width].[precision]typecode

(name)为命名

flags可以有+,-,' '或0。+表示右对齐。-表示左对齐。' '为一个空格,表示在正数的左侧填充一个空格,从而与负数对齐。0表示使用0填充。

width表示显示宽度

precision表示小数点后精度

比如:

复制代码 代码如下:

print("%+10x" % 10)
print("%04d" % 5)
print("%6.3f" % 2.3)

上面的width, precision为两个整数。我们可以利用*,来动态代入这两个量。比如:

复制代码 代码如下:

print("%.*f" % (4, 1.2))

Python实际上用4来替换*。所以实际的模板为"%.4f"。

例子:

复制代码 代码如下:

In [1]: "%(name)s is %(age)s" % {"name":"bob", "age": 12}
Out[1]: 'bob is 12'
In [2]: "%s is %s" % ("bob", "13")
Out[2]: 'bob is 13'
In [6]: "{0} is {1}".format("bob", "14")
Out[6]: 'bob is 14'
In [7]: "{name} is {age}".format(name="bob",age="15")
Out[7]: 'bob is 15'

总结

Python中内置的%操作符可用于格式化字符串操作,控制字符串的呈现格式。Python中还有其他的格式化字符串的方式,但%操作符的使用是最方便的。

以上所述就是本文的全部内容了,希望大家能够喜欢。

Statement of this Website
The content of this article is voluntarily contributed by netizens, and the copyright belongs to the original author. This site does not assume corresponding legal responsibility. If you find any content suspected of plagiarism or infringement, please contact admin@php.cn

Hot AI Tools

Undresser.AI Undress

Undresser.AI Undress

AI-powered app for creating realistic nude photos

AI Clothes Remover

AI Clothes Remover

Online AI tool for removing clothes from photos.

Undress AI Tool

Undress AI Tool

Undress images for free

Clothoff.io

Clothoff.io

AI clothes remover

Video Face Swap

Video Face Swap

Swap faces in any video effortlessly with our completely free AI face swap tool!

Hot Tools

Notepad++7.3.1

Notepad++7.3.1

Easy-to-use and free code editor

SublimeText3 Chinese version

SublimeText3 Chinese version

Chinese version, very easy to use

Zend Studio 13.0.1

Zend Studio 13.0.1

Powerful PHP integrated development environment

Dreamweaver CS6

Dreamweaver CS6

Visual web development tools

SublimeText3 Mac version

SublimeText3 Mac version

God-level code editing software (SublimeText3)

PHP and Python: Different Paradigms Explained PHP and Python: Different Paradigms Explained Apr 18, 2025 am 12:26 AM

PHP is mainly procedural programming, but also supports object-oriented programming (OOP); Python supports a variety of paradigms, including OOP, functional and procedural programming. PHP is suitable for web development, and Python is suitable for a variety of applications such as data analysis and machine learning.

Choosing Between PHP and Python: A Guide Choosing Between PHP and Python: A Guide Apr 18, 2025 am 12:24 AM

PHP is suitable for web development and rapid prototyping, and Python is suitable for data science and machine learning. 1.PHP is used for dynamic web development, with simple syntax and suitable for rapid development. 2. Python has concise syntax, is suitable for multiple fields, and has a strong library ecosystem.

Python vs. JavaScript: The Learning Curve and Ease of Use Python vs. JavaScript: The Learning Curve and Ease of Use Apr 16, 2025 am 12:12 AM

Python is more suitable for beginners, with a smooth learning curve and concise syntax; JavaScript is suitable for front-end development, with a steep learning curve and flexible syntax. 1. Python syntax is intuitive and suitable for data science and back-end development. 2. JavaScript is flexible and widely used in front-end and server-side programming.

PHP and Python: A Deep Dive into Their History PHP and Python: A Deep Dive into Their History Apr 18, 2025 am 12:25 AM

PHP originated in 1994 and was developed by RasmusLerdorf. It was originally used to track website visitors and gradually evolved into a server-side scripting language and was widely used in web development. Python was developed by Guidovan Rossum in the late 1980s and was first released in 1991. It emphasizes code readability and simplicity, and is suitable for scientific computing, data analysis and other fields.

Can vs code run in Windows 8 Can vs code run in Windows 8 Apr 15, 2025 pm 07:24 PM

VS Code can run on Windows 8, but the experience may not be great. First make sure the system has been updated to the latest patch, then download the VS Code installation package that matches the system architecture and install it as prompted. After installation, be aware that some extensions may be incompatible with Windows 8 and need to look for alternative extensions or use newer Windows systems in a virtual machine. Install the necessary extensions to check whether they work properly. Although VS Code is feasible on Windows 8, it is recommended to upgrade to a newer Windows system for a better development experience and security.

Can visual studio code be used in python Can visual studio code be used in python Apr 15, 2025 pm 08:18 PM

VS Code can be used to write Python and provides many features that make it an ideal tool for developing Python applications. It allows users to: install Python extensions to get functions such as code completion, syntax highlighting, and debugging. Use the debugger to track code step by step, find and fix errors. Integrate Git for version control. Use code formatting tools to maintain code consistency. Use the Linting tool to spot potential problems ahead of time.

How to run sublime code python How to run sublime code python Apr 16, 2025 am 08:48 AM

To run Python code in Sublime Text, you need to install the Python plug-in first, then create a .py file and write the code, and finally press Ctrl B to run the code, and the output will be displayed in the console.

How to run python with notepad How to run python with notepad Apr 16, 2025 pm 07:33 PM

Running Python code in Notepad requires the Python executable and NppExec plug-in to be installed. After installing Python and adding PATH to it, configure the command "python" and the parameter "{CURRENT_DIRECTORY}{FILE_NAME}" in the NppExec plug-in to run Python code in Notepad through the shortcut key "F6".

See all articles