SQLServer2005中的SQLCMD工具使用
本文概述SQL Server 2005中的SQLCMD工具使用方法过程等,并汇总变量列表。
1、你可以用SQLCMD执行交互式动作,如:C:sqlcmd>sqlcmd
1> SELECT name from sys.databases
2> GO
你也可以试着键入如下命令,现实服务器列表
1>:ServerList
SERVERS:
WUYZ
1>如果想看其他命令的使用,可以键入:Help /?
2、执行SQL脚本文件
你可以在SQLCMD命令上加入参数I来执行SQL脚本文件,例如:
C:sqlcmd>sqlcmd -i test.sql
上面的I选项允许你执行一个脚本文件,另外,你也可以指定O选项,把命令的输出导出到指定文件,当然,我们也可以在代码中指定输出结果,如下
C:sqlcmd>sqlcmd
1> :out output.txt
2> :r test.sql
3、在脚本中使用变量
SQLCMD支持可以在脚本中接收用户传入的变量信息,如下面语句:
SET NOCOUNT ON
Select $(Cols) from $(tablename)
GO
上面语句请求2个参数,我们可以通过指定相应的参数信息传给脚本,如下:
C:sqlcmd>sqlcmd -i test.sql -o Output.txt -v cols="name,object_id,create_date" tablename="sys.objects"
上面语句的用途是:执行TEST.SQL脚本文件,并把输出的信息输出到OUTPUT.TXT文件中,并分别指定了COLS,TABLENAME的参数值
4、在脚本中设置变量的值
除了通过外部传入参数的值外,还可以在内部设置参数的值,如下面例子
e:sqlcmdackuptemplate.sql
use master
backup database [$(db)] to disk='$(file)'
e:sqlcmdackupsingle.sql
:setvar db msdb
:setvar file c: empmsdb.bak
:r e:sqlcmdackuptemplate.sql
如果你想知道当然定义了哪些变量,可以使用:listvar命令来显示。主要命令汇总:
:r filename
:ServerList
:List
:Listvar
:Error filename | STDOUT | STDERR
:Out filename | STDOUT | STDERR
:Perftrace filename | STDOUT | STDERR
:Connect server[instance] [timeout] [user_name[password] ]
:On Error [exit | ignore]
:SetVar variable value
:Help:XML ON | OFF
主要环境变量汇总:
-a SQLCMDPACKETSIZE
-d SQLCMDDBNAME
-H SQLCMDWORKSTATION
-h SQLCMDHEADERS
-l SQLCMDLOGINTIMEOUT
-m SQLCMDERRORLEVEL
-P SQLCMDPASSWORD
-S SQLCMSSERVER
-s SQLCMDCOLSEP
-t SQLCMDSTATTIMEOUT
-U SQLCMDUSER
-w SQLCMDCOLWIDTH

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