Home Database Mysql Tutorial SQLServer2005中的SQLCMD工具使用

SQLServer2005中的SQLCMD工具使用

Jun 07, 2016 pm 06:04 PM

本文概述SQL Server 2005中的SQLCMD工具使用方法过程等,并汇总变量列表。

1、你可以用SQLCMD执行交互式动作,如:
  C:sqlcmd>sqlcmd
  1> SELECT name from sys.databases
  2> GO
  你也可以试着键入如下命令,现实服务器列表
  1>:ServerList
  SERVERS:
  WUYZ
  1>如果想看其他命令的使用,可以键入:Help /?
  2、执行SQL脚本文件
  你可以在SQLCMD命令上加入参数I来执行SQL脚本文件,例如:
  C:sqlcmd>sqlcmd -i test.sql
  上面的I选项允许你执行一个脚本文件,另外,你也可以指定O选项,把命令的输出导出到指定文件,当然,我们也可以在代码中指定输出结果,如下
  C:sqlcmd>sqlcmd
  1> :out output.txt
  2> :r test.sql
  3、在脚本中使用变量
  SQLCMD支持可以在脚本中接收用户传入的变量信息,如下面语句:
  SET NOCOUNT ON
  Select $(Cols) from $(tablename)
  GO
  上面语句请求2个参数,我们可以通过指定相应的参数信息传给脚本,如下:
  C:sqlcmd>sqlcmd -i test.sql -o Output.txt -v cols="name,object_id,create_date" tablename="sys.objects"
  上面语句的用途是:执行TEST.SQL脚本文件,并把输出的信息输出到OUTPUT.TXT文件中,并分别指定了COLS,TABLENAME的参数值
  4、在脚本中设置变量的值
  除了通过外部传入参数的值外,还可以在内部设置参数的值,如下面例子
  e:sqlcmdackuptemplate.sql
  use master
  backup database [$(db)] to disk='$(file)'
  e:sqlcmdackupsingle.sql
  :setvar db msdb
  :setvar file c:  empmsdb.bak
  :r e:sqlcmdackuptemplate.sql
  如果你想知道当然定义了哪些变量,可以使用:listvar命令来显示。主要命令汇总:
  :r filename
  :ServerList
  :List
  :Listvar
  :Error filename | STDOUT | STDERR
  :Out filename | STDOUT | STDERR
  :Perftrace filename | STDOUT | STDERR
  :Connect server[instance] [timeout] [user_name[password] ]
  :On Error [exit | ignore]
  :SetVar variable value
  :Help:XML ON | OFF
  主要环境变量汇总:
  -a SQLCMDPACKETSIZE
  -d SQLCMDDBNAME
  -H SQLCMDWORKSTATION
  -h SQLCMDHEADERS
  -l SQLCMDLOGINTIMEOUT
  -m SQLCMDERRORLEVEL
  -P SQLCMDPASSWORD
  -S SQLCMSSERVER
  -s SQLCMDCOLSEP
  -t SQLCMDSTATTIMEOUT
  -U SQLCMDUSER
  -w SQLCMDCOLWIDTH
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