sql replace into 用法与实现语句
文章综合了大量的关于sql replace into 相关文章,把它们的用法与优点都集中于这篇文章,有需要使用些命令的朋友可以仔细的看看哦。
以下是所用算法的更详细的说明(该算法也用于LOAD DATA...REPLACE):
1. 尝试把新行插入到表中
2. 当因为对于主键或唯一关键字出现重复关键字错误而造成插入失败时:
a. 从表中删除含有重复关键字值的冲突行
b. 再次尝试把新行插入到表中
使用格式:
代码如下 | 复制代码 |
REPLACE [LOW_PRIORITY | DELAYED] REPLACE [LOW_PRIORITY | DELAYED] REPLACE [LOW_PRIORITY | DELAYED] |
id 是主键
测试方式一,插入索引值是一样的:
代码如下 | 复制代码 |
REPLACE INTO fanwe_order(id,sn) VALUES(’33′,’测试replace into 使用’) 结果:受影响的行数:2 SELECT * FROM fanwe_order WHERE sn=’测试replace into 使用’ |
结果:查出 一行记录
测试方式二,插入主键值是重复的:
将插入id指定为34。这样不与数据表中的id有重复现象,之后运行查询
REPLACE INTO fanwe_order(id,sn) VALUES(’34′,’测试replace into 使用’)
结果:没有新插入一条数据。还是替换了原来的那行。id从33变为34
原因分析:
手册上提到,如果表中的一个旧记录与一个用于PRIMARY KEY或一个UNIQUE索引的新记录具有相同的值。
意,除非表有一个PRIMARY KEY或UNIQUE索引,否则,使用一个REPLACE语句没有意义。
刚才测试的例子中。id是主键,sn是唯一索引。测试方式一是出现主键值一样,测试方式二是出现唯一索
引值一样。两种情况都出现了replace
理解:插入数据的时候,假如遇到主键值或者唯一索引键值一样的话。那么就使用替代(replace单词的含义反应了其作用)的方式,删掉原来的。以当前插入的行进行替代(所以需要同时具有insert和delete权限)
先删除后插入新的。正好说明了我看到的现象:显示受影响的行数是2
两种情况之一使用replace语句才会出现替换:1.主键值相同 2.索引键值相同
为了能够使用REPLACE,您必须同时拥有表的INSERT和DELETE权限。
REPLACE语句会返回一个数,来指示受影响的行的数目。该数是被删除和被插入的行数的和。如果对于一个单行REPLACE该数为1,则一行被插入,同时没有行被删除。如果该数大于1,则在新行被插入前,有一个或多个旧行被删除。如果表包含多个唯一索引,并且新行复制了在不同的唯一索引中的不同旧行的值,则有可能是一个单一行替换了多个旧行。
受影响的行数可以容易地确定是否REPLACE只添加了一行,或者是否REPLACE也替换了其它行:检查该数是否为1(添加)或更大(替换)。
MySQL replace into 用法(insert into 的增强版)
REPLACE依赖于表中的主键或唯一索引,如果一个表中存在的记录与用于PRIMARY KEY或UNIQUE索引的新记录具有相同的值,则在新记录被插入之前,旧记录被删除。
依赖主键或索引Mysql能够实现快速的判断,使用REPLACE,需要同时拥有表的INSERT和DELETE权限。
Replace首先尝试把新行插入到表中,如果因为主键或唯一键出现冲突而造成插入失败时,则从表中删除含有重复关键字值的冲突行,然后尝试把新行插入到表中。
在 SQL Server 中可以这样处理:
代码如下 | 复制代码 |
if not exists ( 1 from t where id = 1) |
那么 MySQL 中如何实现这样的逻辑呢?别着急!MySQL 中有更简单的方法: replace into
代码如下 | 复制代码 |
replace |
或
代码如下 | 复制代码 |
replace |
replace into 跟 insert 功能类似,不同点在于:replace into 首先尝试插入数据到表中, 1. 如果发现表中已经有此行数据(根据主键或者唯一索引判断)则先删除此行数据,然后插入新的数据。 2. 否则,直接插入新数据。

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