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MySQL 安装与主从配置

Jun 07, 2016 pm 05:33 PM
or database

我是ssh远程 配置的;略微有些不同,大家自己斟酌。1.安装MySQLsudo yum install mysql mysql-server sudo chgrp -R mysql /var/

我是ssh远程 配置的;略微有些不同,大家自己斟酌。
1.安装MySQL
sudo yum install mysql mysql-server
sudo chgrp -R mysql /var/lib/mysql
sudo chmod -R 770 /var/lib/mysql
sudo service mysqld start
 
第一次安装设置密码:mysql_secure_installation
回车,根据提示输入Y
输入2次密码,回车
根据提示一路输入Y
最后出现:Thanks for using MySQL!

2.创建一个新的用户test在MySQL上
mysql>grant all privileges on mysql .* to test@192.168.100.206 identified by 'mysql';
 
这里顺便提下取消授权的命令 为revoke 再将语句中的to 换为from 达到撤销已赋权限的目的
 
删除用户的命令为
drop user 用户名@‘%’
 以下内容为在MySQL上建立的一个test的数据库操作的
3.MySQL主从配置
 grant all on *.* to user1@192.168.100.205 identified by "mysql";
192.168.100.205 slave(从服务器)的IP
 
MySQL从服务器上登陆MySQL主服务器
sudo mysql -uuser1 -pmysql -h192.168.100.206
4.主服务器my.cnf配置
[mysqld]
server-id=1
log-slow-queries=mysql-slow.log
log-error=mysql.err
log=mysql.log
log-bin=mysql-bin
datadir=/var/lib/mysql
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
user=mysql
# Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks
symbolic-links=0

[mysqld_safe]
log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log
pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid

 

从服务器my.cnf配置
[mysqld]
port=3306
server-id=2
expire_logs_day=7
log-slow-queries=mysql-slow.log
log-error=mysql.err
log=mysql.log
datadir=/var/lib/mysql
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
user=mysql

#character-set-server = utf8

#collation-server =utf8_general_ci 此行和上一行为改变编码为UTF8 ,

#如果要改的话一定要注意所有的编码都要改
# Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks
symbolic-links=0

[mysqld_safe]
log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log
pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid


 

5.mysql服务器备份(主服务器)
#mysqldump -uroot -pmysql test -l -F '/tmp/test.sql'
此命令备份不用另外读锁
-F即flush logs
-l 表示数据库只能进行读的操作

 
 Tips:可以通过binlog日志恢复 ,还有flush logs 的作用很重要,也可以说flush作用很大
进行操作完成前最好刷新下日志。
6.MySQL的恢复:
mysql -uroot -pmysql test -v -f-v 查看导入的详细信息;
-f 是当中间遇到错误时可以skip,,继续执行下面的语句
 
恢复binlog-file的二进制日志文件
mysqlbinlog --no-defaults binlog-file |mysql -uroot -pmysql
但是很多时候binlog日志里面有些操作需要丢弃;
那就要使用不同的命令来满足需求了:
#mysqlbinlog --no-defaults mysqk-bin.000004 --start-position="193"--stop-position="280"|more
恢复position位置为193-280的数据。
从第一次开始恢复可以去掉--start-position
 
也可以通过时间点来恢复
如:--stop-date="xxxx-xx-xx xx:xx:xx'
--start-date="xxxx-xx-xx xx:xx:xx'
 
6.将主服务器上备份的文件复制到从服务器tmp下
scp /tmp/test.sql 192.168.100.205:/tmp/
然后在从服务器上进行恢复,恢复之前最好先Reset master;
mysql -uroot -pmysql test  
mysql> show slave status\G;
*************************** 1. row ***************************
              Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
                  Master_Host: 192.168.100.206
                  Master_User: user1
                  Master_Port: 3306
                Connect_Retry: 60
              Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000004
          Read_Master_Log_Pos: 262
              Relay_Log_File: mysqld-relay-bin.000006
                Relay_Log_Pos: 407
        Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000004
            Slave_IO_Running: Yes
            Slave_SQL_Running: Yes  #这两行YES代表成功了
              Replicate_Do_DB:
          Replicate_Ignore_DB:
          Replicate_Do_Table:
      Replicate_Ignore_Table:
      Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:
  Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:
                  Last_Errno: 0
                  Last_Error:
                Skip_Counter: 0
          Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 262
              Relay_Log_Space: 708
              Until_Condition: None
              Until_Log_File:
                Until_Log_Pos: 0
          Master_SSL_Allowed: No
          Master_SSL_CA_File:
          Master_SSL_CA_Path:
              Master_SSL_Cert:
            Master_SSL_Cipher:
              Master_SSL_Key:
        Seconds_Behind_Master: 0
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
                Last_IO_Errno: 0
                Last_IO_Error:
              Last_SQL_Errno: 0
              Last_SQL_Error:
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

 

以下为用到的一些命令及笔记

mysql> insert into t1 values(4),(5),(6),(7),(8);插入

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