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Oracle 11g 并行DML

Jun 07, 2016 pm 05:31 PM
data

并行DML应用在决策支撑系统(decision support system DSS)环境时,对于访问大对象时,可扩展性和性能有灰常显著的效果。不能把

Oracle 11g 并行DML(PDML)

并行DML应用在决策支撑系统(decision support system  DSS)环境时,对于访问大对象时,可扩展性和性能有灰常显著的效果。

不能把PDML当成提高OLTP应用速度的一个特性。PDML在大型数据仓库中很有用,它利于大量的数据批量更新。

开启PDML

PDML有别于并行查询,除非显示的请求PDML ,否则不能执行PDML。

SQL> alter session enable parallel dml;

Session altered.

这个表属性可能是并行的,但是与并行查询不同,这对于PDML还不够,必须显示的在会话中启动PDML.

PDML 采用的是一种伪分布式的实现,存在一些限制

1、PDML期间不支持触发器

2、PDML期间,不支持某些方式声明的引用完整性。因为表中的每个部分会在单独的会话中作为单独的事务进行处理。PDML操作不支持自引用完整性,那样可能会出现死锁

3、提交或回滚之前,不能访问用PDML修改的表。

4、不支持延迟约束

5、如果表示分区的,PDML只可能有位图索引或LOB列的表上执行。而且并行度取决于分区数。无法在子分区内再并行操作,因为每一个分区只有一个并行执行服务器来处理

6、执行PDML时,不支持分布式事务

7、PDML不支持聚簇表

测试:

SQL> alter session disable parallel dml;


SQL> explain plan for update /*+ PARALLEL(4) */ test_b set object_name='AAAA';

SQL> select * from table(dbms_xplan.display);


Plan hash value: 725367477
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
| Id  | Operation            | Name    | Rows  | Bytes | Cost (%CPU)| Time    |    TQ  |IN-OUT| PQ Distrib |
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|  0 | UPDATE STATEMENT      |          | 75339 |  1839K|    81  (0)| 00:00:01 |        |      |            |
|  1 |  UPDATE              | TEST_B  |      |      |            |          |        |      |            |
|  2 |  PX COORDINATOR      |          |      |      |            |          |        |      |            |
|  3 |    PX SEND QC (RANDOM)| :TQ10000 | 75339 |  1839K|    81  (0)| 00:00:01 |  Q1,00 | P->S | QC (RAND)  |
|  4 |    PX BLOCK ITERATOR |          | 75339 |  1839K|    81  (0)| 00:00:01 |  Q1,00 | PCWC |            |
|  5 |      TABLE ACCESS FULL| TEST_B  | 75339 |  1839K|    81  (0)| 00:00:01 |  Q1,00 | PCWP |            |
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

--发现并没有真正的实现并行.

开启PDML

SQL> alter session enable parallel dml;

Session altered.

SQL> explain plan for update /*+ parallel(4) */ test_b set object_name='BBBBB';

Explained.

SQL> select * from table(dbms_xplan.display);

Plan hash value: 2467161980

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
| Id  | Operation                | Name    | Rows  | Bytes | Cost (%CPU)| Time    |    TQ  |IN-OUT| PQ Distrib |
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|  0 | UPDATE STATEMENT        |          | 75339 |  1839K|    81  (0)| 00:00:01 |        |      |            |
|  1 |  PX COORDINATOR          |          |      |      |            |          |        |      |            |
|  2 |  PX SEND QC (RANDOM)    | :TQ10001 | 75339 |  1839K|    81  (0)| 00:00:01 |  Q1,01 | P->S | QC (RAND)  |
|  3 |    INDEX MAINTENANCE    | TEST_B  |      |      |            |          |  Q1,01 | PCWP |            |
|  4 |    PX RECEIVE          |          | 75339 |  1839K|    81  (0)| 00:00:01 |  Q1,01 | PCWP |            |
|  5 |      PX SEND RANGE      | :TQ10000 | 75339 |  1839K|    81  (0)| 00:00:01 |  Q1,00 | P->P | RANGE      |
|  6 |      UPDATE            | TEST_B  |      |      |            |          |  Q1,00 | PCWP |            |
|  7 |        PX BLOCK ITERATOR |          | 75339 |  1839K|    81  (0)| 00:00:01 |  Q1,00 | PCWC |            |
|  8 |        TABLE ACCESS FULL| TEST_B  | 75339 |  1839K|    81  (0)| 00:00:01 |  Q1,00 | PCWP |            |
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

注:在并发INSERT的时候,数据是被使用APPEND方式插入到表中,如果需要常规方式插入,需要加上noappend提示.

总结:

PDML需要显示打开,只有打开了PDML ,, 才能是真正意义上的并发操作.

SQL> alter session enable parallel dml;

执行完可以关闭

SQL> alter session disable parallel dml;

相关阅读:

Oracle DML流程

PL/SQL“ ORA-14551: 无法在查询中执行 DML 操作”解决

MySQL常用DDL、DML、DCL语言整理(附样例)

Oracle基本事务和ForAll执行批量DML练习

Oracle DML语句(insert,update,delete) 回滚开销估算

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