Oracle 中的sequence用法
在Oracle中sequence就是所谓的序列号,每次取的时候它会自动增加,一般用在需要按序列号排序的地方。
在Oracle中sequence就是所谓的序列号,每次取的时候它会自动增加,一般用在需要按序列号排序的地方。
1、 create sequence
你首先要有create sequence或者create any sequence权限,
create sequence emp_sequence
INCREMENT BY 1 -- 每次加几个
START WITH 1 -- 从1开始计数
NOMAXVALUE -- 不设置最大值
NOCYCLE -- 一直累加,不循环
CACHE 10;
一旦定义了emp_sequence,你就可以用CURRVAL,NEXTVAL
CURRVAL=返回sequence的当前值
NEXTVAL=增加sequence的值,然后返回sequence值
比如:
emp_sequence.CURRVAL
emp_sequence.NEXTVAL
可以使用sequence的地方:
- 不包含子查询、snapshot、VIEW的 SELECT 语句
- INSERT语句的子查询中
- NSERT语句的VALUES中
- UPDATE 的 SET中
可以看如下例子:
INSERT INTO emp VALUES
(empseq.nextval, 'LEWIS', 'CLERK',7902, SYSDATE, 1200, NULL, 20);
SELECT empseq.currval FROM DUAL;
但是要注意的是:
- 第一次NEXTVAL返回的是初始值;随后的NEXTVAL会自动增加你定义的INCREMENT BY值,然后返回增加后的值。CURRVAL 总是返回当前sequence的值,但是在第一次NEXTVAL初始化之后才能使用CURRVAL,否则会出错。一次NEXTVAL会增加一次sequence的值,所以如果你在同一个语句里面使用多个NEXTVAL,,其值就是不一样的。明白?
- 如果指定CACHE值,oracle就可以预先在内存里面放置一些sequence,这样存取的快些。
cache里面的取完后,oracle自动再取一组到cache。 使用cache或许会跳号, 比如数据库突然不正常down掉(shutdown abort),cache中的sequence就会丢失. 所以可以在create sequence的时候用nocache防止这种情况。
2、 Alter sequence
你或者是该sequence的owner,或者有ALTER ANY sequence权限才能改动sequence。 可以alter除start值之外的所有sequence参数。如果想要改变start值,必须drop sequence再re-create。例子:
ALTER sequence emp_sequence
INCREMENT BY 10
MAXVALUE 10000
CYCLE -- 到10000后从头开始
NOCACHE;
影响sequence的初始化参数:
sequence_CACHE_ENTRIES =
设置能同时被cache的sequence数目。
可以很简单的Drop sequence
DROP sequence order_seq;
结束

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