PHP字符串的编码问题的详细介绍_php实例
PHP 也自带几种字符串截取函数,其中常用到的就是 substr 和 mb_substr。
使用substr截取中文字符时会出现乱码,这是因为substr是按字节来截取的。即UTF-8编码的中文,使用substr截取,只会截取1/3个中文,当然出现乱码了。
mb_substr ( string $str
, int $start
[, int $length
[, string $encoding
]] ) 中的参数$encoding可以指定编码,如果省略,则使用内部字符编码。
如果不清楚字符串的编码格式的话,可以用mb_detect_encoding检查:
$encoding = mb_detect_encoding($string, array("ASCII",'UTF-8′,"GB2312′,"GBK",'BIG5′));
然后:
mb_substr ( string $str
, int $start
[, int $length
[, string $encoding
]] )
如果自己实现mb_substr,效率并不是很好。
编码相关的php函数使用
ord(substr($str, $i, 1)) > 0xa0)
ord($string)返回字符串第一个字符的ASC码,通过这个来判断截取的字符串第一个字符是不是汉字,因为例如gb2312编码的一个文字是2字节,utf8为三个字节。即 编码大于256的就是汉字。
匹配汉字 : preg_match_all('/[\x80-\xff]?./', $string, $match);
匹配英文: preg_match_all("/[/x01-/x7f]+/", $string, $match);
编码转换
iconv ( string $in_charset
, string $out_charset
, string $str
)
$url = '中国';
echo urlencode($url );
//UTF-8: %E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD
//GB2312:%D6%D0%B9%FA
echo $a = urldecode(urlencode($url)) ,' ';
echo iconv('gb2312', 'utf-8', $a);

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