Oracle merge into用法及例子
ORACLE 9I中加入了MERGE 语法: MERGE [hint] INTO [schema .] table [t_alias] USING [schema .] { table | view
Oracle 9I中加入了MERGE
语法:
MERGE [hint] INTO [schema .] table [t_alias]
USING [schema .] { table | view | subquery } [t_alias]
ON ( condition )
WHEN MATCHED THEN merge_update_clause
WHEN NOT MATCHED THEN merge_insert_clause;
创建测试数据表:
create table tj_test(id number,name varchar2(20),age number);
向表中插入数据:
insert into tj_test values (1,'jan',23);
insert into tj_test values (2,'kk',22);
insert into tj_test values (3,'joe',27);
select * from tj_test;
查询结果如下:
1 jan 23
2 kk 22
3 joe 27
创建另一新表
create table tj_test1 as select * from tj_test where 1=0
插入一条数据
insert into tj_test1 values (1,'jlk',23);
select * from tj_test1
查询结果如下:
1 jkl 23 --注意,这里的的NAME字段中的值是jkl
使用MERGE,实现有则更新,无则插入,sql语句如下:
merge into tj_test1 tt1
using tj_test tt
on (tt1.id=tt.id)
when matched then
update set
tt1.name=tt.name,
tt1.age=tt.age
when not matched then
insert values(
tt.id,
tt.name,
tt.age)
查询tj_test1表(对比原来表中的数据,更新了ID=1 ROW中字段NAME,同时多出两条新数据)
select * from tj_test1
改变行数据如下:
1 jan 23 --这里的原有jkl值被更新
3 joe 27 --原来表中没有的插入
2 kk 22 --原来表中没有的插入
如果存在就更新,不存在就插入
9i已经支持了,是Merge,但是只支持select子查询,
如果是单条数据记录,,可以写作select …… from dual的子查询。
语法为:
MERGE INTO table
USING data_source
ON (condition)
WHEN MATCHED THEN update_clause
WHEN NOT MATCHED THEN insert_clause;
如:
MERGE INTO course c
USING (SELECT course_name, period,
course_hours
FROM course_updates) cu
ON (c.course_name = cu.course_name
AND c.period = cu.period)
WHEN MATCHED THEN
UPDATE
SET c.course_hours = cu.course_hours
WHEN NOT MATCHED THEN
INSERT (c.course_name, c.period,
c.course_hours)
VALUES (cu.course_name, cu.period,
cu.course_hours);

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