Home Database Mysql Tutorial Oracle10g在x86linux上的安装过程

Oracle10g在x86linux上的安装过程

Jun 07, 2016 pm 04:51 PM

一:Oracle Enterprise Linux 5.0:必须组件安装:GNOME Desktop EnvironmentEditorsGraphical InternetText-based InternetDevelopment Lib

一:Oracle Enterprise Linux 5.0:

必须组件安装:
GNOME Desktop Environment
Editors
Graphical Internet
Text-based Internet
Development Libraries
Development Tools
Server Configuration Tools
Administration Tools
Base
System Tools
X Window System

二:创建用户和用户组(以root用户创建)
groupadd -g 1001 dba
id nobody
groupadd -g 1002 oinstall
useradd -u 1002 -g oinstall -G dba oracle
passwd oracle

三:检查所需软件:(以root用户进行)
rpm -qa setarch make glibc libaio compat-libstdc++- compat-gcc-34- compat-gcc-34-c++- gcc libXp

openmotif compat-db
以下为所需软件包
setarch-2.0-1.1.i386.rpm
make-3.81-1.1.i386.rpm
glibc-2.5-12.i686.rpm
libaio-0.3.106-3.2.i386.rpm
compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-61.i386.rpm
compat-gcc-34-3.4.6-4.i386.rpm
compat-gcc-34-c++-3.4.6-4.i386.rpm
gcc-4.1.1-52.el5.i386.rpm
libXp-1.0.0-8.i386.rpm
openmotif-2.3.0-0.3.el5.i386.rpm
compat-db-4.2.52-5.1.i386.rpm

五:配置内核参数(以root用户)
# vi /etc/sysctl.conf
kernel.shmall = 268435456
kernel.shmmax = 4294967295
kernel.shmmni = 4096
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
fs.file-max = 65536
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 1024 65000
net.core.rmem_default = 4194304
net.core.rmem_max = 4194304
net.core.wmem_default = 262144
net.core.wmem_max = 262144
使参数输出#/sbin/sysctl -p
# vi /etc/security/limits.conf
添加以下内容:
oracle soft nproc 2047
oracle hard nproc 16384
oracle soft nofile 1024
oracle hard nofile 65536
# vi /etc/pam.d/login
添加以下内容:
session required /lib/security/pam_limits.so

六:关闭selinux
# vi /etc/selinux/config
修改成为:(root身份)
SELINUX=disabled或者用system-config-secritylevel工具进行设置。

七:伪装版本(root身份)
#vi /etc/RedHat-release
修改为企业版4(4.5的系统不需要这一步)

八:创建安装目录(root身份)
mkdir -p /orac/orahome/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1
chown -R oracle.oinstall /orac/orahome
mkdir -p /orac/oradata
chown -R oracle.oinstall /orac/oradata
注意:/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1此目录不管放置在那个目录下,都必须存在。orac/orahome为用户创建的存放目录。

九:设置shell对oracle用户的限制(以oracle用户登陆修改)
vi .bash_profile
if [ \$USER = "oracle" ]; then
if [ \$SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ]; then
ulimit -p 16384
ulimit -n 65536
else
ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536
fi
umask 022
fi
ORACLE_BASE=/orac/orahome/app/oracle; export ORACLE_BASE
ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/10.2.0/db_1; export ORACLE_HOME
ORACLE_SID=orcl;export ORACLE_SID
PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin;export PATH
PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH;export PATH

注意:设置环境变量时oracle_base和oracle_home是必须的变量,其他的可以不设置。

以oracle用户身份安装数据库,在oracle用户目录里解压数据库进行安装,,按照提示进行。选择安装数据库软件且同时创建数据库进行安装。

十:按照提示的目录以root身份进行./root.sh和./orainstRoot.sh脚本结束安装。

注意:
1:安装oracle的时候选择安装oracle并且同时创建数据库,服务端系统会自动生成listener.ora sqlnet.ora tnsnames.ora这三个文件,不需要做任何更改。

2:安装oracle的时候选择只安装软件,安装完成之后在执行创建数据库不会生成listener.ora sqlnet.ora tnsnames.ora这三个文件,用户需要自己创建这三文件。

3:安装客户端时,会出现创建网络服务(tnsnames.ora)的图形界面进行操作,根据安装实际情况进行设置。完成后客户端目录里只会存在sqlnet.ora tnsnames.ora这两个文件。(其中要求设置的网络服务名可以和数据库名、sid不同,用户可以自定义。)可以使用客户端工具oracle Net Configuration Assistant进行网络服务名配置,可以配置多个。不管配置多少个,配置后的参数都存放在客户端目录tnsnames.ora文件中。

4:客户端和服务端不是同一网段(如:公共网络)。listener.ora、tnsnames.ora中的"host"参数也可为ip地址。如果是主机名称,那么要唯一且对主机名进行域名解析。 

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