Home Database Mysql Tutorial MySQL实时在线备份回复方案:Replication+LVM Snapshot【上篇】

MySQL实时在线备份回复方案:Replication+LVM Snapshot【上篇】

Jun 07, 2016 pm 04:14 PM
mysql reply online backup real time plan

MySQL实时在线备份恢复方案:Replication+LVM Snapshot【上篇】 快照和复制技术的结合可以保证我们得到一个实时的在线MySQL备份解决方法 当主库发生误操作时,只需要恢复备库上的快照,然后再根据binlog执行point-in-time的恢复即可 下面假定一个场景: 主从

MySQL实时在线备份恢复方案:Replication+LVM Snapshot【上篇】

快照和复制技术的结合可以保证我们得到一个实时的在线MySQL备份解决方法
当主库发生误操作时,只需要恢复备库上的快照,然后再根据binlog执行point-in-time的恢复即可
下面假定一个场景:
主从架构,没有延迟,某DBA误操作:drop database 
接下来我们按照以上场景进行备份恢复模拟测试

⑴ 主库准备测试数据 

mysql> create database cnfol;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> create table cnfol.t (id int primary key);
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)

mysql> insert into cnfol.t select 1;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)
Records: 1  Duplicates: 0  Warnings: 0

mysql> insert into cnfol.t select 2;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
Records: 1  Duplicates: 0  Warnings: 0

到备库确认:

mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| cnfol              |
| mysql              |
| test               |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select * from cnfol.t;
+----+
| id |
+----+
|  1 |
|  2 |
+----+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)


⑵ 加个全局读锁

在备库:
mysql> flush tables with read lock;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)


⑶ 为备库所在分区创建快照


[root@localhost ~]# lvcreate --size 1G --snapshot --name backup_mysql /dev/vg/mysql
  Logical volume "backup_mysql" created
[root@localhost ~]# lvs
  LV           VG   Attr   LSize Origin Snap%  Move Log Copy%  Convert
  backup_mysql vg   swi-a- 1.00G mysql    0.00                        
  mysql        vg   owi-ao 2.00G                                      



⑷ 获取二进制日志坐标

在备库:

mysql> show master status;
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
| File             | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
| mysql-bin.000003 |      727 |              |                  |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)


⑸ 解锁 

在备库:
mysql> unlock tables;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)


⑹ 挂载快照


[root@localhost ~]# mount /dev/vg/backup_mysql  /mnt/backup
[root@localhost ~]# cd /mnt/backup/mysql/data/cnfol/ && ls -alh
总计 32K
drwx------ 2 mysql dba 4.0K 10-14 09:57 .
drwx------ 5 mysql dba 4.0K 10-14 09:57 ..
-rw-rw---- 1 mysql dba   61 10-14 09:57 db.opt
-rw-rw---- 1 mysql dba 8.4K 10-14 09:57 t.frm
-rw-rw---- 1 mysql dba   14 10-14 09:57 t.MYD
-rw-rw---- 1 mysql dba 2.0K 10-14 10:06 t.MYI


⑺ 主库某无经验DBA误操作

mysql> drop database cnfol;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.05 sec)
记录下此时时间:2013-10-14 10:17:10 
备库确认是否存在库cnfol:
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql              |
| test               |
+--------------------+
3 rows in set (0.01 sec)


⑻ 备份快照

[root@localhost backup]# pwd
/mnt/backup
[root@localhost backup]# tar -jcv -f /mnt/snapshot/mysql.tar.bz2 *

这里做备份的原因有2点
其一,昂贵的IO,因为磁头要在快照区和系统区来回跑
其二,快照区空间不足,因为是COW原理


⑼ 删除快照 

[root@localhost ~]# umount /mnt/backup
[root@localhost ~]# lvremove --force /dev/vg/backup_mysql 
  Logical volume "backup_mysql" successfully removed


⑽ 格式化备库所在分区

[mysql@localhost ~]$ mysqladmin -uroot -poracle shutdown
131014 10:32:40 mysqld_safe mysqld from pid file /mnt/lvm/mysql/data/localhost.localdomain.pid ended
[1]+  Done                    mysqld_safe


[root@localhost ~]# umount /mnt/lvm
[root@localhost ~]# mkfs -t ext3 /dev/vg/mysql 


[root@localhost ~]# mount /dev/vg/mysql  /mnt/lvm
[root@localhost ~]# lvs
  LV    VG   Attr   LSize Origin Snap%  Move Log Copy%  Convert
  mysql vg   -wi-ao 2.00G                                      
[root@localhost ~]# vgs
  VG   #PV #LV #SN Attr   VSize VFree
  vg     4   1   0 wz--n- 3.81G 1.81G


⑾ 解压缩快照到备库所在分区

# tar -jxv -f /mnt/snapshot/mysql.tar.bz2 -C /mnt/lvm/
[root@localhost lvm]# pwd
/mnt/lvm
[root@localhost lvm]# ls
lost+found  mysql


⑿ 启动MySQL

⒀ 利用binlog执行point-in-time恢复


[mysql@localhost ~]$ mysqlbinlog --stop-datetime="2013-10-14 10:17:10" /mnt/lvm/mysql/data/mysql-bin.000003 | mysql -uroot -poracle

⒁ 确认数据

mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| cnfol              |
| mysql              |
| test               |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select * from cnfol.t;
+----+
| id |
+----+
|  1 |
|  2 |
+----+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)



参考资料:
http://vbird.dic.ksu.edu.tw/linux_basic/0420quota.php#lvm_snapshot
http://www.mysqlperformanceblog.com/2006/08/21/using-lvm-for-mysql-backup-and-replication-setup/


By 迦夜
2013-10-14 
Good Luck 
Statement of this Website
The content of this article is voluntarily contributed by netizens, and the copyright belongs to the original author. This site does not assume corresponding legal responsibility. If you find any content suspected of plagiarism or infringement, please contact admin@php.cn

Hot AI Tools

Undresser.AI Undress

Undresser.AI Undress

AI-powered app for creating realistic nude photos

AI Clothes Remover

AI Clothes Remover

Online AI tool for removing clothes from photos.

Undress AI Tool

Undress AI Tool

Undress images for free

Clothoff.io

Clothoff.io

AI clothes remover

Video Face Swap

Video Face Swap

Swap faces in any video effortlessly with our completely free AI face swap tool!

Hot Tools

Notepad++7.3.1

Notepad++7.3.1

Easy-to-use and free code editor

SublimeText3 Chinese version

SublimeText3 Chinese version

Chinese version, very easy to use

Zend Studio 13.0.1

Zend Studio 13.0.1

Powerful PHP integrated development environment

Dreamweaver CS6

Dreamweaver CS6

Visual web development tools

SublimeText3 Mac version

SublimeText3 Mac version

God-level code editing software (SublimeText3)

MySQL: An Introduction to the World's Most Popular Database MySQL: An Introduction to the World's Most Popular Database Apr 12, 2025 am 12:18 AM

MySQL is an open source relational database management system, mainly used to store and retrieve data quickly and reliably. Its working principle includes client requests, query resolution, execution of queries and return results. Examples of usage include creating tables, inserting and querying data, and advanced features such as JOIN operations. Common errors involve SQL syntax, data types, and permissions, and optimization suggestions include the use of indexes, optimized queries, and partitioning of tables.

How to connect to the database of apache How to connect to the database of apache Apr 13, 2025 pm 01:03 PM

Apache connects to a database requires the following steps: Install the database driver. Configure the web.xml file to create a connection pool. Create a JDBC data source and specify the connection settings. Use the JDBC API to access the database from Java code, including getting connections, creating statements, binding parameters, executing queries or updates, and processing results.

MySQL's Place: Databases and Programming MySQL's Place: Databases and Programming Apr 13, 2025 am 12:18 AM

MySQL's position in databases and programming is very important. It is an open source relational database management system that is widely used in various application scenarios. 1) MySQL provides efficient data storage, organization and retrieval functions, supporting Web, mobile and enterprise-level systems. 2) It uses a client-server architecture, supports multiple storage engines and index optimization. 3) Basic usages include creating tables and inserting data, and advanced usages involve multi-table JOINs and complex queries. 4) Frequently asked questions such as SQL syntax errors and performance issues can be debugged through the EXPLAIN command and slow query log. 5) Performance optimization methods include rational use of indexes, optimized query and use of caches. Best practices include using transactions and PreparedStatemen

Why Use MySQL? Benefits and Advantages Why Use MySQL? Benefits and Advantages Apr 12, 2025 am 12:17 AM

MySQL is chosen for its performance, reliability, ease of use, and community support. 1.MySQL provides efficient data storage and retrieval functions, supporting multiple data types and advanced query operations. 2. Adopt client-server architecture and multiple storage engines to support transaction and query optimization. 3. Easy to use, supports a variety of operating systems and programming languages. 4. Have strong community support and provide rich resources and solutions.

MySQL's Role: Databases in Web Applications MySQL's Role: Databases in Web Applications Apr 17, 2025 am 12:23 AM

The main role of MySQL in web applications is to store and manage data. 1.MySQL efficiently processes user information, product catalogs, transaction records and other data. 2. Through SQL query, developers can extract information from the database to generate dynamic content. 3.MySQL works based on the client-server model to ensure acceptable query speed.

How to start mysql by docker How to start mysql by docker Apr 15, 2025 pm 12:09 PM

The process of starting MySQL in Docker consists of the following steps: Pull the MySQL image to create and start the container, set the root user password, and map the port verification connection Create the database and the user grants all permissions to the database

Laravel Introduction Example Laravel Introduction Example Apr 18, 2025 pm 12:45 PM

Laravel is a PHP framework for easy building of web applications. It provides a range of powerful features including: Installation: Install the Laravel CLI globally with Composer and create applications in the project directory. Routing: Define the relationship between the URL and the handler in routes/web.php. View: Create a view in resources/views to render the application's interface. Database Integration: Provides out-of-the-box integration with databases such as MySQL and uses migration to create and modify tables. Model and Controller: The model represents the database entity and the controller processes HTTP requests.

How to install mysql in centos7 How to install mysql in centos7 Apr 14, 2025 pm 08:30 PM

The key to installing MySQL elegantly is to add the official MySQL repository. The specific steps are as follows: Download the MySQL official GPG key to prevent phishing attacks. Add MySQL repository file: rpm -Uvh https://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql80-community-release-el7-3.noarch.rpm Update yum repository cache: yum update installation MySQL: yum install mysql-server startup MySQL service: systemctl start mysqld set up booting

See all articles