Home Database Mysql Tutorial Mysql数据库编码的问题的解析

Mysql数据库编码的问题的解析

Jun 07, 2016 pm 04:09 PM
mysql database coding parse

Mysql数据库编码在实际的应用中经常出现的问题,导致Mysql数据库的实际运行带来很多的不便,以下的文章就是介绍Mysql数据库编码问题的解决方案。我们大家都知道Mysql数据库的4.1是一个分水岭,4.1直接支持Unicode,以下版本支持的不好。 Mysql JDBC Driver的

Mysql数据库编码在实际的应用中经常出现的问题,导致Mysql数据库的实际运行带来很多的不便,以下的文章就是介绍Mysql数据库编码问题的解决方案。我们大家都知道 Mysql数据库的4.1是一个分水岭,4.1直接支持Unicode,以下版本支持的不好。

Mysql JDBC Driver的3.0.16也是一个分水岭,3.0.16版本会取数据库本身的MySQL数据库编码编码,然后按照该编码转换,这种方式和Oracle的JDBC Driver是一样的。例如你的数据库是GBK编码的话,JDBC Driver就会把数据库里面的取出来的字符串按照GBK往unicode转换,送给JVM。因此正确的设置数据库本身的编码就尤为重要。

Mysql JDBC Driver3.0.16以下的版本则不然,它不会那么智能的根据数据库MySQL数据库编码编码来确定如何转换,它总是默认使用ISO8859-1,因此你必须使用 characterEncoding=GBK来强制他把数据库中取出来的字符串按照GBK来往unicode转换。

因此,使用什么数据库版本,不管是3.x,还是4.0.x还是4.1.x,其实对我们来说不重要,重要的有二:

1) 正确的设定数据库编码,Mysql4.0以下版本的字符集总是默认ISO8859-1,Mysql4.1在安装的时候会让你选择。如果你准备使用UTF- 8,那么在创建数据库的时候就要指定好UTF-8(创建好以后也可以改,4.1以上版本还可以单独指定表的字符集)

2) 使用3.0.16以上版本的JDBC Driver,那么你就不需要再写什么characterEncoding=UTF-8

这样,如果,数据库服务器使用的是utf-8,那么,jdbc就会把数据库的内容用utf-8格式传到JVM中。

而,如果数据库服务器中的某个数据库使用的编码是gbk,那么就会发生MySQL数据库编码编码不一致的错误!这时,你可以使?characterEncoding=GBK强制使用gbk编码传递到JVM中。

或者,你也可以把整个Mysql数据库服务器的编码转变为gbk。

在Mysql中,默认使用的是lartin1,也就是ISO8859-1字符集编码。这是一种8位的编码,适用于所有西欧字符。而对于汉字等是不合适的。

最好、最通用的MySQL数据库编码编码格式是utf-8,这时一种8位的Unicode字符集。它对于8位的西欧字符集来说,比较节省空间,而又能够有效地表示汉字等字符。

因此,将Mysql数据库服务器设置为utf-8格式,把所有的Mysql数据库也设置为utf-8格式,这是最佳的选择!全世界所有语言都可以很好的得到支持!

但是,一些常用的Mysql工具无法显示utf-8格式的中文。如,Mysql自带的工具,Mysql-Front等软件。但是,MyManger和命令行下的Mysql是可以正常显示utf-8格式的中文的。

如果,你选择使用gbk,那么就应该把数据库服务器和数据库的MySQL数据库编码编码格式全部转为使用gbk,否则可能会出现问题。


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