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sqlserver通配符使用

Jun 07, 2016 pm 03:46 PM
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欢迎进入Windows社区论坛,与300万技术人员互动交流 >>进入 SQL 通配符 在搜索数据库中的数据时,SQL 通配符可以替代一个或多个字符。 SQL 通配符必须与 LIKE 运算符一起使用,=操作是没有的。 通配符 描述 % 替代一个或多个字符 (相当于正则表达式中的 *

欢迎进入Windows社区论坛,与300万技术人员互动交流 >>进入

  SQL 通配符

  在搜索数据库中的数据时,SQL 通配符可以替代一个或多个字符。

  SQL 通配符必须与 LIKE 运算符一起使用,=操作是没有的。

通配符 描述
% 替代一个或多个字符(相当于正则表达式中的 * )
_ 仅替代一个字符(相当于正则表达式中的 ? )
[charlist] 字符列中的任何单一字符(事实上只有左方括号用于转义,右方括号使用最近优先原则匹配最近的左方括号)

[^charlist]

或者

[!charlist]

不在字符列中的任何单一字符用于排除一些字符进行匹配(这个与正则表达式中的一样)

  原始的表 (用在例子中的):

  Persons 表:

Id LastName FirstName Address City
1 Adams John Oxford Street London
2 Bush George Fifth Avenue New York
3 Carter Thomas Changan Street Beijing

  使用 % 通配符

  例子 1

  现在,我们希望从上面的 "Persons" 表中选取居住在以 "Ne" 开始的城市里的人:

  我们可以使用下面的 SELECT 语句:

  SELECT * FROM Persons

  WHERE City LIKE 'Ne%'

  结果集:

Id LastName FirstName Address City
2 Bush George Fifth Avenue New York

  例子 2

  接下来,我们希望从 "Persons" 表中选取居住在包含 "lond" 的城市里的人:

  我们可以使用下面的 SELECT 语句:

  SELECT * FROM Persons

  WHERE City LIKE '%lond%'

  结果集:

Id LastName FirstName Address City
1 Adams John Oxford Street London

  使用 _ 通配符

  例子 1

  现在,我们希望从上面的 "Persons" 表中选取名字的第一个字符之后是 "eorge" 的人:

  我们可以使用下面的 SELECT 语句:

  SELECT * FROM Persons

  WHERE FirstName LIKE '_eorge'

  结果集:

Id LastName FirstName Address City
2 Bush George Fifth Avenue New York

  例子 2

  接下来,我们希望从 "Persons" 表中选取的这条记录的姓氏以 "C" 开头,然后是一个任意字符,然后是 "r",然后是任意字符,然后是 "er":

  我们可以使用下面的 SELECT 语句:

  SELECT * FROM Persons

  WHERE LastName LIKE 'C_r_er'

  结果集:

Id LastName FirstName Address City
3 Carter Thomas Changan Street Beijing

  使用 [charlist] 通配符

  例子 1

  现在,我们希望从上面的 "Persons" 表中选取居住的城市以 "A" 或 "L" 或 "N" 开头的人:

  我们可以使用下面的 SELECT 语句:

  SELECT * FROM Persons

  WHERE City LIKE '[ALN]%'

  结果集:

Id LastName FirstName Address City
1 Adams John Oxford Street London
2 Bush George Fifth Avenue New York

  例子 2

  现在,我们希望从上面的 "Persons" 表中选取居住的城市不以 "A" 或 "L" 或 "N" 开头的人:

  我们可以使用下面的 SELECT 语句:

  SELECT * FROM Persons

  WHERE City LIKE '[!ALN]%'

  结果集:

Id LastName FirstName Address City
3 Carter Thomas Changan Street Beijing

  通配符特殊用法:Escape

  select 'asjldfj%%abc%asdfjklj'

  select * from testhxj where name like '%/%abc/%%' escape '\'(这里\表示是通配符,这样匹配的数据是包含%abc%的数据,如果不用escape,就无法将%匹配为字符串)

sqlserver通配符使用

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