Home Database Mysql Tutorial 数据库的自动备份

数据库的自动备份

Jun 07, 2016 pm 03:29 PM
Artificial backup database automatic toilet

常常人工备份是不现实的,一定要系统自动定期备份。 备份思想: 0、定期备份,非作业莫属。 1、重要的数据应该每几个小时就做一次差异备份;普通数据每周做一次。(我们的数据库是简单恢复模式) 2、硬盘容量有限,数据库又很大,不能容纳太多备份文件,采用

常常人工备份是不现实的,一定要系统自动定期备份。

备份思想:

0、定期备份,非作业莫属。

1、重要的数据应该每几个小时就做一次差异备份;普通数据每周做一次。(我们的数据库是简单恢复模式)

2、硬盘容量有限,数据库又很大,不能容纳太多备份文件,采用2个备份文件策略,轮流覆盖。所以每个数据库永远都只有2个备份文件。


备份作业:

1、获取单双周函数,用于确定备份文件名称。保持每个数据库永远只有2个备份文件

USE [Master]
GO

-- =============================================
-- Author:		leftfist
-- Create date: 2010
-- Description:	用于为备份文件起名
-- =============================================
CREATE FUNCTION [dbo].[jo_func_byWeek]
(
)
RETURNS TINYINT
AS
BEGIN
	DECLARE @JO INT;
	SET @JO = CONVERT(INT,DATENAME(ww,GETDATE()));
	RETURN (@JO % 2);
END
Copy after login

2、根据数据库名称,创建同名文件夹,用于存放备份文件
EXEC sp_configure 'show advanced options', 1
GO
RECONFIGURE
GO
EXEC sp_configure 'xp_cmdshell', 1
GO
RECONFIGURE
GO

DECLARE @folder VARCHAR(300);
SET @folder = 'c:\backup\db\';
DECLARE @name VARCHAR(50);
DECLARE @sql VARCHAR(1000);
DECLARE curT CURSOR FOR SELECT name FROM sys.databases where database_id2;
OPEN curT;
FETCH NEXT FROM curT INTO @name;
WHILE @@FETCH_STATUS = 0
BEGIN
	SET @sql = 'mkdir ' + @folder + @name;
	ExEc xp_cmdshell @sql;
    FETCH NEXT FROM curT INTO @name;
END
CLOSE curT;
DEALLOCATE curT;

EXEC sp_configure 'xp_cmdshell', 0
GO
RECONFIGURE
GO
EXEC sp_configure 'show advanced options', 0
GO
RECONFIGURE
GO
Copy after login

3、备份所有数据库(tempdb除外)

USE [master]
GO

DECLARE @name VARCHAR(50);
declare @sql varchar(1000);
DECLARE @jo TINYINT;
DECLARE @filename NVARCHAR(100);

--[jo_func_byWeek]是自定义函数,单周返回0,双周返回1
SET @jo = [Master].dbo.[jo_func_byWeek]();
--备份所有数据库(tempdb除外)
DECLARE curT CURSOR FOR SELECT name FROM sys.databases where database_id2
OPEN curT;
FETCH NEXT FROM curT INTO @NAME;
WHILE @@FETCH_STATUS = 0
BEGIN
	--每个数据库存放于同名的文件夹。文件夹预先建好
	SET @filename = @name + '\' + @name + '_' + CAST(@jo AS CHAR(1)) + '.bak';
	SET @sql='BACKUP DATABASE [' + @name + '] TO DISK = ''C:\backup\db\' + @filename + ''' WITH INIT , NAME = N''' + @name + ''', NOSKIP , STATS = 10, NOFORMAT';
	EXEC(@sql);    
    FETCH NEXT FROM curT INTO @name;
END
CLOSE curT;
DEALLOCATE curT;
Copy after login


将步骤3做成一个作业,定期运行,例如周六凌晨,就可以定期得到备份文件了。

那么,作业本身怎么备份呢?

按我的理解,备份了Master、msdb、model之后,作业应该也在里面了。但怎么单独备份作业呢?

网上有高手写了2篇文章介绍,我看不大懂,先记下地址:

SQL Server 作业的备份(备份作业非备份数据库)

SQL Server 作业同步 (结合备份作业)

好在作业的更新频率并不高,我们完全可以在新增、修改作业以后,手动备份一份。

方法很简单:选中作业,右键选 编写作业脚本 就可以了。



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