浅谈RAC中的负载均衡
一次和同事聊RAC中的负载均衡,聊到服务器端的分发机制时大家都说不清,再此总结一下以备后用。
一次和同事聊RAC中的负载均衡,聊到服务器端的分发机制时大家都说不清,再此总结一下以备后用。
负载均衡Load Balance
客户端load balance
服务器端load balance
客户端load balance
客户端发起应用请求时,首先通过tnsnames.ora中随机选择一个vip地址,,然后通过该vip地址发起请求。这个vip地址实际上就是连接高可用的核心。当客户端访问的实例宕机了,甚至vip已经漂移到其它存活节点,这次连接就失败了。通知服务(FAN)会立刻通知客户端采用其它的vip重新连接,客户端选择tnsnames.ora中的其它vip继续尝试,直到连接成功为止。如果不采用vip方式连接,而直接使用IP地址连接不行么?答案是行,但是连接失败后需要30秒才能通知到客户端,30秒的代价太大了,完全失去了高可用的意义。
客户端的load balance不会判断当前服务器的负载,它只是随机分发。包括11gR2推出的SCAN也不会判断服务器端负载,它按照注册的3个vip地址轮询分发。服务器端的负载是如何判断的呢,我们继续往下看。
服务器端load balance
服务器端的负载均衡是监听器remote listener和local listener来合作完成的。监听器将当前负载信息在LBA(Load Balance Advisor)中注册,并且可以根据服务时间和吞吐量来设定负载类型。如果是Web服务可以配置服务时间作为负载均衡的条件,如果是查询密集型操作可以配置吞吐量类型。
总结一下上面的描述,客户端通过vip来实现连接高可用,服务器端通过remote listener,local listener和LBA的配置实现load balance。
在load balance中有两个总要的概念:
FAN:Fast Application Notification
快速通知,主动推送机制。既通知集群之间的节点,也通知客户端端到集群。
LBA:Load Balance Advisor
负载均衡建议器
本文永久更新链接地址:

Hot AI Tools

Undresser.AI Undress
AI-powered app for creating realistic nude photos

AI Clothes Remover
Online AI tool for removing clothes from photos.

Undress AI Tool
Undress images for free

Clothoff.io
AI clothes remover

Video Face Swap
Swap faces in any video effortlessly with our completely free AI face swap tool!

Hot Article

Hot Tools

Notepad++7.3.1
Easy-to-use and free code editor

SublimeText3 Chinese version
Chinese version, very easy to use

Zend Studio 13.0.1
Powerful PHP integrated development environment

Dreamweaver CS6
Visual web development tools

SublimeText3 Mac version
God-level code editing software (SublimeText3)

Hot Topics

MySQL is an open source relational database management system, mainly used to store and retrieve data quickly and reliably. Its working principle includes client requests, query resolution, execution of queries and return results. Examples of usage include creating tables, inserting and querying data, and advanced features such as JOIN operations. Common errors involve SQL syntax, data types, and permissions, and optimization suggestions include the use of indexes, optimized queries, and partitioning of tables.

Solutions to Oracle cannot be opened include: 1. Start the database service; 2. Start the listener; 3. Check port conflicts; 4. Set environment variables correctly; 5. Make sure the firewall or antivirus software does not block the connection; 6. Check whether the server is closed; 7. Use RMAN to recover corrupt files; 8. Check whether the TNS service name is correct; 9. Check network connection; 10. Reinstall Oracle software.

MySQL is chosen for its performance, reliability, ease of use, and community support. 1.MySQL provides efficient data storage and retrieval functions, supporting multiple data types and advanced query operations. 2. Adopt client-server architecture and multiple storage engines to support transaction and query optimization. 3. Easy to use, supports a variety of operating systems and programming languages. 4. Have strong community support and provide rich resources and solutions.

The method to solve the Oracle cursor closure problem includes: explicitly closing the cursor using the CLOSE statement. Declare the cursor in the FOR UPDATE clause so that it automatically closes after the scope is ended. Declare the cursor in the USING clause so that it automatically closes when the associated PL/SQL variable is closed. Use exception handling to ensure that the cursor is closed in any exception situation. Use the connection pool to automatically close the cursor. Disable automatic submission and delay cursor closing.

In Oracle, the FOR LOOP loop can create cursors dynamically. The steps are: 1. Define the cursor type; 2. Create the loop; 3. Create the cursor dynamically; 4. Execute the cursor; 5. Close the cursor. Example: A cursor can be created cycle-by-circuit to display the names and salaries of the top 10 employees.

To stop an Oracle database, perform the following steps: 1. Connect to the database; 2. Shutdown immediately; 3. Shutdown abort completely.

Building a Hadoop Distributed File System (HDFS) on a CentOS system requires multiple steps. This article provides a brief configuration guide. 1. Prepare to install JDK in the early stage: Install JavaDevelopmentKit (JDK) on all nodes, and the version must be compatible with Hadoop. The installation package can be downloaded from the Oracle official website. Environment variable configuration: Edit /etc/profile file, set Java and Hadoop environment variables, so that the system can find the installation path of JDK and Hadoop. 2. Security configuration: SSH password-free login to generate SSH key: Use the ssh-keygen command on each node

SQL statements can be created and executed based on runtime input by using Oracle's dynamic SQL. The steps include: preparing an empty string variable to store dynamically generated SQL statements. Use the EXECUTE IMMEDIATE or PREPARE statement to compile and execute dynamic SQL statements. Use bind variable to pass user input or other dynamic values to dynamic SQL. Use EXECUTE IMMEDIATE or EXECUTE to execute dynamic SQL statements.
