Oracle学习笔记之视图
1.什么是视图? 视图(VIEW)也被称为虚表,即虚拟的表,是一组数据的逻辑表达 视图对应于一条SELECT语句,结果集被赋予一个
1.什么是视图?
视图(VIEW)也被称为虚表,,即虚拟的表,是一组数据的逻辑表达
视图对应于一条SELECT语句,结果集被赋予一个名字, 即视图名字
视图本身不包含任何数据,只是映射到基表的一个查询语句,当基表数据发生变化,视图数据也随之发送变化
作用:重用代码,保护数据
2.创建视图 需要有权限 GRANT CREATE VIEW TO user scott;
CREATE VIEW view_name 别名
不包含函数 叫简单视图
包含函数 表达式 复杂视图
基于多个表 连接视图
OR REPLACE 更新视图 如果存在则替换
语法
CREATE OR REPLACE VIEW 视图名称 SELECT语句
隐藏列名称 在SELECT语句中增加别名
CREATE OR REPLACE VIEW v_emp_10 AS SELECT empno id, ename name,sal salary,deptno deptno FROM emp WHERE deptno=10;
查看视图结构 DESC 视图名称
增加别名后 只能用别名进行查询视图 SELECT 姓名,工资,工作 FROM v_emp_10;
增加 WITH CHECK OPTION 防止在简单视图模式下 插入脏数据到基表内
CREATE OR REPLACE VIEW v_emp_10 AS SELECT empno id,
ename name,sal salary,deptno deptno FROM emp WHERE deptno=10 WITH CHECK OPTION;
复杂视图的创建
CREATE VIEW v_emp_salary
AS
SELECT d.dname,
AVG(e.sal) avg_sal,
SUM(e.sal) sum_sal,
MAX(e.sal)max_sal,
MIN(e.sal) min_sal
FROM emp e JOIN dept d ON e.deptno =d.deptno GROUP BY d.dname;
复杂视图的查询
SELECT * FROM v_emp_salary;
复杂视图不允许DML操作
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