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Home Backend Development PHP Tutorial iconv - PHP中UTF8和UTF-8可以混用吗?

iconv - PHP中UTF8和UTF-8可以混用吗?

Jun 06, 2016 pm 08:51 PM
iconv php utf-8

同事使用iconv进行编码转换时使用的时UTF8,而不是UTF-8,我测试了下发现UTF8和UTF-8在iconv和mb_str中结果是一样的,如: iconv('UTF8', 'GB2312', '测试');iconv('UTF-8', 'GB2312', '测试');。但是Google了下发现也有人因为使用UTF8而不是UTF-8遇到问题的情况 http://readyfighting.com/archives/156。

那么请问二者使用起来有什么不同吗?

回复内容:

同事使用iconv进行编码转换时使用的时UTF8,而不是UTF-8,我测试了下发现UTF8和UTF-8在iconv和mb_str中结果是一样的,如: iconv('UTF8', 'GB2312', '测试');iconv('UTF-8', 'GB2312', '测试');。但是Google了下发现也有人因为使用UTF8而不是UTF-8遇到问题的情况 http://readyfighting.com/archives/156。

那么请问二者使用起来有什么不同吗?

根据 libiconv-1.14/lib/encodings.def , UTF-8和UTF8都会被识别成utf8编码,所以没有区别,所以所有使用libiconv的程序都没问题,比如php的iconv库。

/* General multi-byte encodings */

DEFENCODING(( "UTF-8",                  /* IANA, RFC 2279 */
            /*"UTF8",                      JDK 1.1 */
            /*"CP65001",                   Windows */
            ),   
            utf8,
            { utf8_mbtowc, NULL },        { utf8_wctomb, NULL })
#ifdef USE_HPUX_ALIASES
DEFALIAS(     "UTF8",                   /* HP-UX */
            utf8)
#endif
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根据 ext/mbstring 的 mbfilter_utf8.c ,UTF-8 (作为name/mimename) 和 UTF8 (作为alias)也都可以被识别,所以也一样。

static const char *mbfl_encoding_utf8_aliases[] = {"utf8", NULL};

const mbfl_encoding mbfl_encoding_utf8 = { 
    mbfl_no_encoding_utf8,
    "UTF-8",
    "UTF-8",
    (const char *(*)[])&mbfl_encoding_utf8_aliases,
    mblen_table_utf8,
    MBFL_ENCTYPE_MBCS
};
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顺便说一下,mysql不识别 utf-8,必须用utf8。

mysql> create table t1 (id int primary key, name int) character set utf-8;
ERROR 1115 (42000): Unknown character set: 'utf'

你好,我在windows环境下测试了一行代码

iconv('UTF8', 'GB2312', '测试');
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得到一个警告

Notice: iconv(): Wrong charset, conversion from `UTF8' to `GB2312' is not allowed
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这说明应该使用UTF-8这种形式才是正确的。

mbstring.supported-encodings 提到的mbstring支持的编码中也只有UTF-8这种形式。

或许是你可以尝试修改一下php.ini

error_reporting = E_ALL | E_STRICT
display_errors = On
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也许就可以看到警告信息了。

根据felix021的提示,再测试两行代码

print_r(mb_list_encodings());
print_r(mb_encoding_aliases('UTF8'));
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可知mb中的确是做为别名处理了。

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